Tuesday, April 12, 2016

I choose heart over head


"The death of one man is a tragedy. The death of millions is a statistic."
—Joseph Stalin (Georgian, 1879-1953)
Word for the day
Ersatz (adj)
An artificial substance or article used to replace something natural or genuine; a substitute.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
By sleeping in planes, working round the clock, and frugal eating - PM is vindicating the stance of CPM leaders that he is not PM but a RSS Pracharak.
But what's objectionable in this?
First random thought this morning
Shankaracharya of Dwaraka-Sharda Peeth has attributed the drought in Maharashtra to the worship of Shirdi Sai Baba by the state's people!
Is he implying that three Jyotirlings (Shiva), Lord Panduranga (Vishnu) and Dev Shani, who are seated in the State, are watching the people suffer and die just because some of them happen to be worshipping a noble man?
Someone please inform the Rev. Seer that Sai Baba worship in Maharashtra started more than a century ago, and in this period the region has emerged as one of the richest in the country.

I choose heart over head

In the past 10years I have tirelessly argued against the peak oil theory; though my argument is more emotional than economic.
At a time when crude oil prices were flirting with US$150/bbl and experts were forecasting US$200/bbl leading to a breakdown in global economy, I wondered whether this fossil fuel has the potential to undo the progress in human civilization made over past one century.
I have always believed in the invincibility of the human race. The history of civilization suggests that human race has never accepted defeat even from the forces of nature. We have not only survived all natural disasters, endless wars, epidemics, deadly diseases, hunger, and extreme climatic conditions, but have been successful in consistently improving the quality of our life.
The crude oil therefore never appeared like a threat to me. Regardless of the doomsayers predicting peak oil and consequent catastrophe in global economy, I was always confident that we will find an alternative much before the doomsday dawns on us.
Moreover, I never had confidence in the "unity" of the global oil cartel. I was almost certain that on first sign of oversupply this cartel will breakdown and there will be scramble amongst the cartel members to sell their stock first.
It might be early to declare victory over the "peak oil threat", but the evidence is increasing and strengthening by the minute. Rising fuel efficiency, exponential increase in use of renewable (especially solar), rise in shale reserves, aging demography, and likely decade of slower growth in China, etc. all indicate towards slower petroleum demand growth.
A recent article in The Economist (see here) highlighted the problems a persistently low crude prices could cause on the Gulf States (GCC).
The first causality will likely be the consumption of luxury goods & services, that have a huge market in the middle east. Lower social sector spending and rise in taxation could follow almost immediately. Lower outward investment, poor fiscal health of smaller members, higher unemployment etc. are also easy to predict.
While it is easy to rise in civil unrest and economic distress, my emotional sense tells me that, the doomsayers on this side of the fence may also be wrong. I believe that a break in oil oligarchy and consequent economic weakness in GCC states may lead to many significant positives in the global economy.
For example, we may see some softening in religious tenets, leading to more open globalized society and less support for terrorism in the name of religion.
More eager to participate in the global economy at equal terms, the GCC states may be more open and inviting. Given the attractive location in the global trade routes and superb physical infrastructure, these countries have the potential to become center of global trade.

Monday, April 11, 2016

Nifty: Change of track might be misleading

Thought for the day
" Ideas are more powerful than guns. We would not let our enemies have guns, why should we let them have ideas."
—Joseph Stalin (Georgian, 1879-1953)
Word for the day
Contretemps (n)
An inopportune occurrence; an embarrassing mischance: He caused a minor contretemps by knocking over his drink.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
A "Tea Seller", who also happens to be "OBC" given charge of BJP in UP.
Is it a co-incidence, or some kind of cantrip.
 
First random thought this morning
The question is not whether Gov. Rajan is some three year late in bringing QE to India, or he has done it deliberately late to maximize the impact.
The question is how far he is willing to go the full distance like ECB. A midway reversal will certainly be destructive.
Nifty: Change of track might be misleading
In past six months commodity stocks have been best performer. Stocks of companies from sectors such as metals, sugar, paper, tea, cement etc. have all recorded huge gains.
Whereas, the leaders of past many years pharma sector has been the worst performer.
Though, there has indubitably been some recovery in the prices of the commodities from the cycle lows, it is difficult to say about the demand, except in case of cement. Domestic steel sales have risen due to import restrictions, but the consumption improvement is only marginal.
Considering that both the infrastructure and consumption sector stocks have underperformed, intuitively cyclical commodity recovery stories requires more evidence to justify.
Besides, there is no evidence from global markets either that global economic conditions are improving in any material respect.
I am not jumping on to the commodity bandwagon, especially agri commodities, where a normal monsoon could be a major dampener.
I am though interested in agri input and cement stocks.
 
 

Friday, April 8, 2016

Battlefield UP- II

"Men have become the tools of their tools."
—Henry David Thoreau (American, 1817-1862)
Word for the day
Vociferous (adj)
Crying out noisily; clamorous.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Nitish Kumar has taken "Bihari vs, Bahari" to new heights.
He says - consumption of alcohol is bad for health and economy, therefore he is banning it in the state of Bihar.
However, the state will keep producing alcohol and export it to other states for consumption of non-biharis.
First random thought this morning
Happened to meet a 94yr old freedom fighter yesterday. He faced atrocities of British administration, served two jail terms totaling 32months.
In his recollection, he had never chanted "Bharat Mata ki Jai", during his nine years of fight for freedom. He does not recall any of his colleagues in freedom struggle chanting it either. "Vande Matram", Hindustan Zindabad, and "Jai Hind" were popular slogans. He even insisted that the term Bharat was normally used by big leaders and elite; commoner preferred Hindustan.


Battlefield UP- II

Though the market has perhaps learned to live with the lack of political consensus on vital economic issues, there still survives a hope of ruling NDA strengthening its position in the Rajya Sabha in next two years. The state assembly elections of UP, due in March 2017, are vital for this hope to sustain as the state sends maximum representatives to the upper house. Besides, the outcome of these elections will also set tone for the 2019 general elections. From this viewpoint it is pertinent for investors to keep a close watch on this critical election.
As I mentioned yesterday (see here), commensurate with the critical importance of the state election, the election campaign has already started, and it is going to be a long, intense, acrimonious, and arduous campaign.
From political viewpoint, the following characteristics of the campaign so far,  are noteworthy.
(a)   Unlike most other states of the union, the campaign in UP is still not clear about the primary contest. It is not easy to judge whether it is "Mulayam vs. Modi"; or "Akhilesh vs. Mayawati"; or "Mulayam vs. Mayawati"; or "Development vs. Secularism/Castism"; or "Hindu vs. Muslim"; or "Tolerance vs. Intolerance"; or something else.
       While the primary plot is not yet defined, some secondary plots are being discussed prominently, e.g., "Yogi Adityanath vs. Azam Khan"; Amit Shah vs. "Prashant Kishore"; etc.
(b)   BJP has once again failed to set the agenda for election. It will therefore be responding to the development agenda set by the ruling SP, or worse, the casteist agenda of the primary contender BSP.
       Remember in Bihar also, Nitish Kumar had set the development agenda, and BJP was left fighting the Lalu Yadav's secularism.
(c)    The incumbent Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav clearly holds the advantage. None of the opposition parties appear forcefully targeting him. They are aiming the patriarch Mulayam Singh or the fringe character Azam Khan. The blame for poor law and order conditions is also mostly shared by other members of the Yadav clan.
(d)   RSS and VHP are trying hard to rake up the issue of Ram temple. The issue however, does not resonate with the people of the state at all. Like the reservation quote of RSS chief during Bihar Election, it is more likely to work to the disadvantage of BJP.
(e)    The state unit of Congress is mostly dysfunctional. Save for a pre election alliance with BSP, it is highly unlikely that it will even get 10seats, i.e., despite PK.
The first round of campaign is therefore clearly going to the ruling SP. These are however early days. I promise to come back to my readers with more inputs later in the year.
 

Thursday, April 7, 2016

Battlefield - UP

"Many men go fishing all of their lives without knowing that it is not fish they are after.
—Henry David Thoreau (American, 1817-1862)
Word for the day
Cupidity (n)
Eager or excessive desire, especially to possess something; greed; avarice.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Rakhi Sawant: Ban ceiling fans to stop suicides.
Rahul Gandhi: Congress is fighting a war of ideology.
 
First random thought this morning
Increasingly, India is finding place in high opinion of global decision makers. After a really long period, global decision makers are enthusiastic about India.
Some may like to split the credit between PM Modi's unprecedented & audacious marketing efforts, and TINA factor (given the poor conditions in other larger emerging markets especially China); while the others believe, it's just that the TIME of India has arrived. Rest everything is just a quirk of fate.
You may chose your reason, but do believe that it may actually happen this time.
Battlefield - UP
My colleagues travelled through the state of Uttar Pradesh during past two weeks. They covered nine out of the eighteen divisions of the state, covering mostly western and central parts of the state.
The objective of the trip was to assess the economic conditions of the state and political mood of the people.
I would like to share some key points of their assessment with my readers.
The State is fast getting into election mode. It appears that the campaign for March 2017 elections will be hard, arduous and intense.
The ruling Samajwadi Party has taken a clear lead in the campaign. The indications so far are that the incumbent Chief Minister is seeking re-election on the basis of delivery on development agenda. The usual secularism and caste based issues are presently being raised only by the principal opposition party BSP and Congress which is a marginal force in the state.
The primary contender, BJP appears confused about the issues. Whereas the central leadership wishes to continue with the "hope and fear" startegy of the Bihar election — hope of faster economic development and fear of jungle raj — the local leadership is highly skeptical of these twin issues. The local leadership is more excited about the communal polarization as primary election strategy.
Unlike SP and BSP which have well defined state leadership , both BJP and Congress are struggling with local leadership issues. It is common to hear the names like Shiela Dixit and Uma Bharati as probable CM candidates.
The state administration is deeply divided on caste line in their political support. But the ruling party could have marginal lead in this area.
Though a division on religious lines is visible across the state, but it may reflect in terms of votes only in upper class Hindu voters. Any polarization strategy therefore may not be materially effective.
We shall be conducting an extensive survey of the state later in the year to assess the situation of various parties.
Insofar as the economic conditions are concerned, the following observations are noteworthy.
(a)   There is remarkable acceleration in the execution of construction projects, especially roads and public works. The incumbent chief minister seems to personally engaged in the development endeavor and successfully exploiting the central assistance to the state.
(b)   The rural sector is economically stressed due to consecutive poor monsoons. But surprisingly, they are not annoyed with the state administration.
(c)    The urbanization of the state is gathering further pace, though devoid of any planning........to continue tomorrow.

Wednesday, April 6, 2016

Rajan brings QE to India

"To a philosopher all news, as it is called, is gossip, and they who edit and read it are old women over their tea."
—Henry David Thoreau (American, 1817-1862)
Word for the day
Pugnacious (Adj)
Inclined to quarrel or fight readily; quarrelsome; belligerent; combative.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
CPM almost ended UPA-I by withdrawing support over civil nuclear deal.
A. Raja and Kanimozhi of DMK dented the image of UPA-II government so badly that Congress is reduced to just 44 MPs in Lok Sabha.
Now Congress is joining these forces as minor partner in state polls.
Rahul Gandhi was talking about some ideological warfare in Assam!!!
 
First random thought this morning
A large part of foreign investments in India comes through "tax friendly" jurisdictions like Mauritius. We all know it well that not all this money is dirty.
Likewise, many Indian businessmen may have invested money overseas by routing it through "tax friendly" jurisdictions like BVI. Not all this money is illegal.
So why are we so excited over Panama leaks? Are we further degenerating into an agitating society, from an argumentative one?


Rajan brings QE to India

Governor Rajan once again performed a perfect balancing act. He pleased almost everyone - the bankers, the government, the traders and the analysts.
Like before, there were many things which were not said in the policy statement made by the governor but were too obvious for anyone to infer. Some of the more prominent "between the lines" things were as follows:
(a)   The governor Rajan added his two cents to the global QE program by announcing reversal of RBI's stance on market liquidity.
It is important to note that for some time now RBI has kept the system liquidity in deficit mode,  with an average  liquidity shortfall equivalent to one per cent of banks’ NDTL. The rationale has been that the banking system would borrow from RBI liquidity facilities, ensuring that the repo rate become the effective ST money market rates.
Reversing this stance, RBI has now announced that it will bring the system liquidity to neutral position within a year. This could be done through open market purchases of government securities and foreign currency.
This should ensure that (i) the NRI deposits raised in 2013 and due for redemption later this year are redeemed without any material impact on INR exchange rate; and (b) the additional government borrowing for meeting pay commission and OROP payments and public investment happen at reasonable rates, without disturbing the bond market much.
What it also means is that RBI is now more confident of the effectiveness of the policy rates, which in its view are now trending down.
(b)   RBI is also quite realistic on inflation targets and anticipates supply side constraints to prevail, despite good monsoon and continued global deflation. It may be a good news for corporates as pricing power may return to them soon.
(c)    Despite all political rhetoric, RBI has been realistic on growth projections. The governor has maintained that the growth will remain close to 7.5% even next year, assuming a normal monsoon.
This means that RBI believes that the higher public sector investment demand (defence, railways, roads, et. al.), and private consumption demand (pay commission, OROP, good monsoon) will just be enough to compensate for the poor external sector demand.
(d)   The effective easing is much higher than the headline 25bps cut in repo rate. MSF rate has been effectively cut by 75bps and reverse repo is higher by 25bps. Also there is an effective concession of 5% in net daily CRR obligation. This shall bring the overnight and short term rates materially lower, thus transmitting the easing almost immediately.
(e)          RBI has virtually announced OTC new bank licenses. The market in past has given huge premium to the likely candidates for new license. That anomaly now ends

Tuesday, April 5, 2016

Strategy

"It is not enough to be busy. So are the ants. The question is: What are we busy about?"
—Henry David Thoreau (American, 1817-1862)
Word for the day
Nimiety (n)
Excess; overabundance. E.g., nimiety of mere niceties in conversation.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Will Congress both Assam & Kerala; and with that the claim to be a National Party?

First random thought this morning
Five key takeaways from the recently concluded T20 World Cup: (a) The shortest version of the game is inarguably the benchmark now (purist may please excuse me); (b) West Indies has definitely re-emerged as a major force in the international cricket (Is basketball declining in the Caribbean?) ; (c) Bangladesh has restored the balance in sub-continent, that got disturbed with decline of Pakistan (look forward to more bi-lateral business with the eastern neighbor as Mirpur emerges as new Sharjah); (d) Afghans are strong and look natural at the game (get some of them in IPL); (e) India will have tough times ahead.
These views are personal and very strong. Arguments are not welcome.
Strategy
Continuing from last week (see here and here) I would like to share my thoughts on the investment strategy for the likely next economic and therefore market cycle.
I have mentioned it earlier that in my view this cycle is likely to be much longer both in terms of time duration as well the distance benchmark indices would be covering through the cycle.
(a)   Consumption will remain the dominant theme in my equity investment portfolio. However, I would focus more on consumable services, e.g., telecom, transportation & logistics, health, education, organized retailing, entertainment, banking etc.
       On product side, I will continue to focus on discretionary products, especially aspirational one.
The complication here is that while the strategy may sound good for academic discussions, there are few actionable ideas to implement the thoughts.
There is no denying that on society level, we are still not used to pay for services. The cases of complaints and agitation against free (or very cheap) non-basic services are not uncommon. Given this complication, there are very few private service providers of some scale. These service providers are (a) either expensive (being in short supply) or unviable (due to overregulation).
I would look at some market leaders in retailing, entertainment, service oriented banking, transportation & logistics, and healthcare sectors.
On product side, I would like to focus on aspirational products like lifestyle drugs, beer, premium liquor, household upgrade (lighting, tiles, plywood), luxury housing, premium automobile, packaged food (non-basic), etc.
(b)   Technology will also remain a core theme in the portfolio. However, focis will be on innovators, designers, and engineering services. I would mostly avoid body shops.
(c)    I would completely avoid SME players in industry and construction space, unless they own some niche IPR or designing capabilities.
(d)   Global inflation trade shall be back during this cycle. A balanced portfolio would therefore require commodities to be included. I am inclined towards commodity processors rather than resource owners at this point in time. For resources, in due course I would prefer to trade directly in respective commodities, rather than buying the equity in the resource owner.
(e)    A stable INR and rate regime may guide this economic cycle. I therefore do not see any material investment opportunity in currency and bond markets. Though there might arise occasional trading opportunities.

Monday, April 4, 2016

Nifty: Near term hurdle at 8K, midterm path clear

Thought for the day
"Wealth is the ability to fully experience life."
—Henry David Thoreau (American, 1817-1862)
Word for the day
Insouciant (Adj)
Free from concern, worry, or anxiety; carefree; nonchalant.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Do you think, like jewellers, the cigarette manufacturers are also fighting a lost battle?
First random thought this morning
The first sub Rs5 bidding for solar power bidding in India by American SunEdison was celebrated by the government a few month ago. Later, the company sought an exit from the project it had bid for. The same SunEdison has now filed for bankruptcy.
One Enron had materially damaged Indian banking industry in 1990s. Do we another one?

Nifty: Near term hurdle at 8K, midterm path clear

Supported by huge FPI buying, Nifty ended the month of March materially above its earlier resistance of 7610 on monthly charts. This confirms the market trend reversal on midterm basis.
Nifty faces a strong resistance in 7925-7960 range in the near term. A monthly close above this range will set Nifty on course for new highs.
A sustained monthly close above 7960 shall see Nifty testing its new cyclical peak of 13200 in the next following 39 months.
From midterm perspective a very strong bottom is in place in 7215-7550 range. Any intermediate fall to this range may provide an opportunity to create large leveraged long positions.

Friday, April 1, 2016

Strategy for the detour

"In general, pride is at the bottom of all great mistakes."
—John Ruskin (English, 1819-1900)
Word for the day
Hibernian (Adj)
Irish
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Reportedly about 4000 uber rich people have moved overseas from India in 2015.
This has been a trend for past few years.
What could be the primary motivation behind this? 
First random thought this morning
A recent visit to Uttrakhand was quite revealing. We could not find a restaurant in Dehradun, Mussoorie and Uttarkashi serving local food, while there were three in Mussoorie alone that served "authentic" Tibetan food. Despite a statewide ban on polythene, we saw most shops delivering goods in polythene bags. It was common to find heaps of plastic waste in Mussoorie.
The local people were completely passive to the political upheaval in the state. The extant Chief Minister does not seem to be enjoying popular support at all.

Strategy for the detour

As I mentioned yesterday (see here), instead of taking the Classical path to economic cycle recovery, the Indian economy is apparently taking a detour. This makes the task of formulating an appropriate investment strategy very complex. Investors' need to take this challenge and make necessary adjustment in their investment strategy.
The market trend of past few months is indicating a clear shift from non-cyclical pharma, FMCG, and IT to cyclical banking, infrastructure, industrial etc. This shift, in my view, is following the classical economic recovery fashion and therefore per se might not be appropriate to the circumstances.
I strongly feel that instead of taking a conventional cyclical vs. non-cyclical approach, investors should follow a pure bottom up approach in selecting individual investment instruments, be it equity, fixed asset, real estate or any other asset class.
The following factors in particular be helpful in selecting stocks.
(a)   Consumption demand of services is rising much faster than the demand for consumer products. Demand for services like telecom, transportation & logistics, health, education, organized retailing, entertainment, banking etc. is growing much faster than the demand for food and clothing.
(b)   Foreign capital & competition are essential to the cyclical recovery. Though the stated policy is to encourage local manufacturing, it could only be achieved if larger and efficient global firms are allowed to operate rather freely in the country.
This shall particularly cause serious disturbance in the domestic industrial space. The inefficient and inadequately capitalized players will definitely get eliminated in due course. In my view, they will not get much opportunity to reinvent themselves as the destruction may occur at an unprecedented speed and scale.
(c)    Middlemen who have so far played a key role in the conduct of trade & commerce in the country are being replaced by technology. Besides, the trend in regulatory evolution is also palpably anti-middlemen.
This is resulting in lower cost of selling and distribution for the producers. The benefits of this lower cost are being enjoyed by a wider section of the society, including consumers (lower prices), workers (better employment terms), and government (improved revenue collection).
(e)    Wider redistribution of wealth and material rise in purchasing power at in the lower half of the demographic pyramid is the foundation of the recovery.
(d)   Technology is also at the core of economic recovery.
...to continue next week