Friday, May 31, 2019

Govt should focus on impediments, growth would come automatically



Some food for thought
"Journalism largely consists of saying 'Lord Jones is Dead' to people who never knew that Lord Jones was alive."
—Gilbert K. Chesterton (English writer, 1874-1936)
Word for the day
Equity (n)
The quality of being fair or impartial; fairness; impartiality.
First thought this morning
A prominent journalist publically complained that not much information is coming out from "sources" about the political developments like finalization of new cabinet etc.
After Samajwadi Party (SP), now the Congress Party has reportedly taken a break from electronic media.
BJP has been selectively avoiding TV Channels and anchors for past couple of years at least.
Many keen prime time TV watchers have indicated that the sickening shouting chorus every evening has become intolerable and they no longer feel like watching it.
All this perhaps is indicating that the degeneration of electronic media is about to bottom out and we shall hopefully see a new format soon. I wish the new format would emphasize on constructive and meaningful debates on relevant issues, besides highlighting the numerous good things happening all around instead of sensationalizing the trivial meaningless tirade of petty politicians garnished by partisan rants of news anchors.
I also wish that at least for prime time private channels follow the Rajya Sabha TV format. Some meaningful debates moderated by subject specialists, and news read dispassionately by news readers. The rock star anchors may play their bands in late night shows.
Chart of the day

 
Govt should focus on impediments, growth would come automatically
For past one week, the markets have been preoccupied by the election results. Most analysts, economists and strategists have suggested a growth oriented agenda for the new government. Market participants are keenly looking towards the first monetary policy statement under the new regime, scheduled to be announced on 6th June.
I however believe that the top priority of the government should be social reforms, especially in the area of education and health. The governments in past two decades have worked hard to make a strong foundation for the economic growth. For example consider the following:
  • Most of the government monopolies like power, roads, telecom, coal, ports, airports, civil aviation, defence production, insurance, pension, higher technical education, city rail transport (Metro), etc., have been divested to private sector.
  • Most of the sectors have been opened to direct foreign investment and competition.
  • The country is surplus in many key infrastructure areas.
  • Substantial financial sector reforms have been implemented. Insurance and pension is privatized and growing fast. NBFCs are growing and regulation is evolving fast. Private banks have grown and helping in attaining the goal of full inclusion.
  • Devolution of fiscal power and decentralization of public expenditure started with implementation of 14th Finance Commission recommendations.
  • Fuel subsidies have been rationalized.
  • GST is evolving fast and likely to stabilize this fiscal.
  • Evolution of a contemporary bankruptcy resolution mechanism is progressing well. The NPA accretion for lenders has peaked. There are signs of credit market waking up from deep slumber and banks returning to business as usual in next couple of years. Most large stressed accounts already in the process of resolution.
  • The government has promised implementation of totally revamped and simplified Direct Tax Code within a year.
  • Public sector bank consolidation has started in right earnest with Bank of Baroda (BoB) taking over its three relatively weaker peers. Incidentally, the process of lateral appointment of CEO also started with BoB.
I therefore believe that on economic front the government job is now limited to (a) assuring stability and predictability of policy; (b) facilitating fast completion of key ongoing infra project like dedicated freight corridor, Bharatmala and Sagarmala projects etc.; and (c) letting the businessmen and entrepreneurs lead the mission to achieve higher growth.
However, on social front there are a lot of growth impediments that need immediate attention. For example—
  • Poor availability of highly skilled workers. Rising unemployability of college graduates, due to poor teaching and training standards.
  • Deteriorating health of citizen with rising incidence of debilitating diseases like diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cancer, arthritis, etc.
  • Lack of civic discipline amongst common citizens.
  • Rise in incidence of crime against women.
  • Degeneration of social and religious customs and traditions that are causing (a) tremendous financial stress to household, especially rural and lower middle class; and (b) avoidable social strife.
  • Juggad mindset that hampers scalability and adherence to discipline and process orientation.
On the sides, I found the following notes received in my WhatsApp inbox worth sharing with the readers.
  • Several data points indicate an imminent rise in agflation including (1) weak monsoon (2) very low planting of corn and soybean in USA vs historical average (3) Pest attack of epic proportions in China (4) USA EPA approving 15% ethanol blending from June 2019 in USA. USA EPA decision has already lead to spike in ethanol prices in USA and fall in crude oil prices.
  • Spike in rare earth prices following China decision to curb rare earth exports. This will affect the cost of LED lights, and many other electronic items.
  • China Food Inflation— Chicken Wholesale prices +57%; Egg Futures +38%; Pork Wholesale prices 41% YoY; Fresh fruit 30.9% YoY 17.9% during Jan-April period. This is due to swine fever outbreak.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Question is "How much" not "if"

Some food for thought
"I shall not waste my days in trying to prolong them."
—Ian Fleming (Irish Poet, 1908-1964)
Word for the day
Otiose (adj)
Being at leisure; idle; indolent.
 
First thought this morning
While the newely elected MPs with criminal antecedents and large wealth have attracted lot of media attention, I find the profile of some MPs from Odisha quite interesting. For example,
Chandrani Murmu aged 25yrs is the youngest MP in 17th Lok Sabha. An engineering graduate was apparently searching for a job, when BJD representative approached her to contest elections. Her father is a govt employee, but mother comes from a politically connected family.
Pratap Sarangi aged 65yrs is a social worker. A spiritual seeker since childhood he wanted to become a monk, but was advised to stay with his widowed mother and serve the society. He has done commendable work for promotion of Sanskrit, and opened many schools for the poor called Samar Kara Kendra, under the Gana Shikhsa Mandir Yojana in tribal villages. He did not marry and lives an ideal austere life.
Achyutananda Samanta, aged 55yrs, is the founder of Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT); Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences(KISS), which provide free accommodation, food, healthcare, and education from class 1 to post-graduation with vocational training; KIIT International School (KIS), an International Baccalaureate affiliated school, and Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), a medical college. His affidavit say he earns Rs25lacs yearly from his teaching profession, but owns a total of Rs12lac in assets. Raised by widow mother with seven siblings he spent most of his childhood in abject poverty.
Aprajita Sarangi, aged 50yrs, quit her job as IAS officer and joined politics last year. Her husband is also an IAS officer.
After scanning through profiles of over 150 MPs, I strongly believe that nothing is lost for Indian democracy. It is strong as ever and has a bright future. Unfortunately, mainstream media is unable to see these brilliant people in its preoccupation with sensational headlines.
Chart of the day
 
Question is "How much" not "if"
The need for lower cost credit could be expressed from three different perspectives, i.e., (1) Consumer demand; (2) Government borrowing; and (3) Growth stimulation.
Consumer demand
From consumer perspective, we have seen a consistent trend of decline in savings and rise in household debt. Persistent high real rates in past five years failed in stimulating savings as well as discouraging debt. The stressed household finances are finally reflecting in overall slowdown in consumer demand.

 
Government borrowing
As per a research report by Elara Securities, in past five years "the reduced fiscal space due to continued shortfall on tax revenue receipts has compelled the government to move a significant part of its expenditure to public sector enterprises. The combination of high government borrowing along with off-balance sheet borrowing programs could squeeze the space available for private borrowers and NBFC."
Whereas the fiscal spending to support rural economy has grown 3x in past five years.
Consequently, the fiscal improvement is stagnating at much higher level then what is desirable.

The deficit is crowding out public investment in building social and physical infrastructure.
 
Growth stimulation
The GDP growth estimates for FY19 have been scaled back. 4QFY19 GDP is now expected to grow at a rate lower than previously estimated. This means that the long term growth trend is likely to stay flat for at least 3yrs.
 
Therefore, if the government has to meet its target of growing GDP 2x to US$5trn by 2024 and make infrastructure investment 10% of GDP, from 4% now, the economy would need a variety of stimulus, both qualitative and quantitative.
Neutral to negative real policy rates, easy liquidity, competitive lending rates, and competitive currency are some of the quantitative prerequisites.
Significant ease in conditions for doing business, medium term predictability of taxation policy and rates and predictable sustainability standards are some of the qualitative requirements.