Tuesday, March 15, 2016

Could it be different this time - 1

"I have never made but one prayer to God, a very short one: 'O Lord make my enemies ridiculous.' And God granted it."
—Voltaire (French, 1694-1778)
Word for the day
Commodious (adj)
Spacious and convenient; roomy: a commodious apartment.
Malice towards none
"Intellectual Bankruptcy".....huum!
Should government consider making it part of the proposed Bankruptcy Law?
First random thought this morning
The monkey of Brexit has been riding the back of global financial markets for some time now. No respite is seen from this lingering worry till June.
There have been strong arguments made, both in favor and against Brexit. The June referendum might settle the matter for now.
What I fail to decipher is how Britons would overcome the lure of free ECB money and free European market that may explode with rehabilitation of millions of refugees. My vote is "nay".

Could it be different this time - 1

To the question I raised last week (see here), I want to answer like this:
In my view, Indian economy and hence the Indian financial markets (equities, bonds, currency) are on the cusp of a major transformation. A successful crossover may lead to multi decade bull market in Indian assets; whereas a failure at this juncture will push us back by a decade at the least.
The markets are certainly sensing this opportunity. But the investors remain skeptical about the chances of success given their disappointing empirical experience.
The first generation reforms that began to take shape in mid 1980s when a non-career politician (Rajiv Gandhi) and his sundry friends took over the mantle to unshackle the Indian economy from the traditional feudal lordships. The outcome was rather disappointing. The traditional feudal lords, and the new uncontrolled "whatever it takes" class of entrepreneurs overwhelmed the good intentions of inexperienced leaders.
The economy ended a happening decade in an unprecedented fiscal crisis with domestic investors badly bruised by the first major scam in the Indian financial marked bruised . I call it Reliance-Harshad phase.
The fiscal crisis of early 1990s forced Indian government to initiate next phase of reforms, including opening Indian market to foreign investors . The reforms in this phase, in my view, were hurried, reluctant, and guided purely by short term goals. The adhocism in the policy making was too palpable. The conceptual framework for inclusion and holistic growth was conspicuous by its omission in the entire "reform" narrative. The consequence was rise in income inequalities, civil unrest, and social division. Though this phase provided a good platform to take off, the Indian economy did never really took off. Despite getting a humongous opportunity in Y2K, for lack of conceptual development framework we could not make India a knowledge base economy.
The two material positives of this phase were (a) emergence of a strong middle class and its acceptance as a political influence group; and (b) beginning of a move towards devolution of greater power to the federal states and local bodies. This was the age of Maruti, Satellite Television and beginning of the end of Congress as sole custodian of Indian democracy. I call it Maruti-SEBI (an epitome of adhocism in policy making) era.
With the nuclear blast at Pokharan in 1998, India embarked on a new phase of economic policy - driven by nationalism and self-reliance. The then NDA government embarked on a ambitious credit driven infrastructure building program to overcome the impact of sanctions and global slowdown. This was a classic mistake of advancement of investment demand; that too without making any concerted effort to augment future consumption demand that would justify the so called advanced investment. The subsequent UPA governments not only continued with the mistake but made it worse through lax governance standards. Indian financial system is still bleeding from the natural fallout of this mistake.....to continue tomorrow

Monday, March 14, 2016

Rally may strengthen led by banks


Thought for the day
"Appreciation is a wonderful thing: It makes what is excellent in others belong to us as well."
—Voltaire (French, 1694-1778)
Word for the day
Psittacism (n)
Mechanical, repetitive, and meaningless speech.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
When morality takes over the rule of law - stars bite dust, everyone gets to play saint, mob imparts the justice, and no one is winner.
First random thought this morning
I shall be ever grateful to our hyper-enthusiastic TV news anchors and our parliamentarians. They helped generously in treatment of my addiction to the idiot box. There was a time, I would watch anything showing on TV. But no longer. My pendulum has swung to the other extreme. Now I loath to go to the rooms where TV is playing. As they say, "whatever happens, happens for the good".
 
Rally may strengthen led by banks

Greed being conquered by fear, time for a new beginning
In past few months, broader markets have materially underperformed the benchmark indices. In past week, there was some signs of stability in the top half of the market, while the bottom half still remains jittery. This is a sign of greed being conquered by fears and euphoria subsidizing, an essential pre-requisite for a new market cycle to begin. Save for a black swan event, we may see a new market cycle emerging in next 6months.


...led by financials



Friday, March 11, 2016

Market paradigm shifting

"Social progress can be measured by the social position of the female sex."
—Karl Marx (German, 1818-1883)
Word for the day
Isonomy (n)
Equality of political rights.
Malice towards none
How and when Dr. Vijay Mallya will be suspended from Rajya Sabha and his privileges, inlcuding diplomatic passport, be withdrawn?
First random thought this morning
Reuters reported yesterday that Chinese banking regulator (PoBC) is contemplating a equity for debt swap scheme to get over the problem of burgeoning NPAs.
The move may allow indebted corporates to reduce their leverage, reducing the cost of servicing debt and making them more worthy of fresh credit. It would also reduce NPL ratios at commercial banks, reducing the cash they would need to set aside to cover losses incurred by bad loans.
Being Chinese, the plan prima facie looked like a huge ponzi; till the time I realized that it is nothing but a copy of our own SDR scheme!

Market paradigm shifting

This Wednesday, I started an exercise to understand the current pattern of market movement (see here). I earnestly believe that the global market paradigm is shifting, and India could get a much larger role to play in this shift, that is if we as a nation are willing to assume larger responsibilities.
The paradigm shift is happening regardless of our commitment. I wrote yesterday (see here) that current government, especially PM, has perhaps recognized the opportunity and committing to it.
When I say that the paradigm is shifting in global markets. I am certainly not suggesting "it is different this time". What I am essentially saying is that "it is the same as always".
I have also written this couple of times before (see here), the global market paradigms have shifted every few decades. The shifts have been caused by a variety of factors. Sometimes it has been led by shift in strategic and geo-political power (spread of European empires in 17-18th centuries and strength of US post WWII). Sometimes technology innovation (industrial revolution in Europe and US, post-war Japanese manufacturing renaissance and then internet revolution in US) caused the shift. Rise of oil economies post 1970's in middle east Asia and Chinese and Korean manufacturing revolutions have also caused material shift in global markets. Nature has also played vital role in causing tectonic shifts in global power equations and market balances. Decline of great Roman empire is case for study.
In most of these market transition phases, currencies have played a key role. Therefore it is pertinent to evaluate the current transition in global market paradigm from this angle also. In most earlier instances the emerging currency (including gold and silver in earlier instances) has changed its relative global value during the course of the shift. Sometimes strength in the currency or gold & silver stock played a critical role, as in case of British and Portuguese dominance in earlier centuries. In some cases weakness in currency supported the shift, as in case of the rise of Korean and Chinese manufacturers causing decline of Japanese dominance.
The present case appears no different. Japanese are trying to regain their lost market share in global manufactured goods market by depreciating their currency. Germans are struggling to retain their market share by forcing the Euro down. While US has so far been successful in reigning its currency without compromising the supremacy of dollar.
In my view, demographics are playing a major role in the shift of the economic and market context this time. Most developed and even large developing countries are struggling with demographic imbalances presently. The problem is particularly severe in Europe and Japan.
In Europe on one hand population is aging fast and thus straining the fiscal and economic growth (pension, healthcare, lower income growth, low taxes and lower consumption); on the hand the mass migration to west is causing concern over change in socio-religious structure of the population (see here).
India, which has the largest pool of educated & skilled young English speaking people, may therefore be natural partner in bringing the desired demographic changes....to continue next week

Thursday, March 10, 2016

History is repeating; only it may be much bigger this time

"Democracy is the road to socialism."
—Karl Marx (German, 1818-1883)
Word for the day
Rabble-Rouser (n)
A person who stirs up the passions or prejudices of the public, usually for his or her own interests; demagogue.
Malice towards none
Dear FM, if nothing else is working, trying renaming the proposed GST Act  as Rajiv Gandhi GST Act (RGGA)
First random thought this morning
The famous 2014 general election win of PM Modi also popularized his designer kurtas and phoren returned PR agent cum election strategist Prashant Kishore. The day is not far when our vigilant media discovers the hair stylist responsible for the new look of Modi Ji.
It is good that PR agencies, fashion designers, hair stylists are getting their due share in Indian democracy. I hope a day will come soon when Indian politicians will publically proclaim their life partners and a victory kiss in full public view will not be a matter of blasphemy or national shame. That day, the statute book will rewrite itself and "gender equality" will no longer be a mere "intent".

History is repeating; only it may be much bigger this time

On March 09, 2009 when Nifty 2555, many were left wondering, whether it's the end of stock market investing.
Today, after seven year, Nifty is 3x, and many people are still wondering whether they should be investing in equity at all.
A Wikipedia tour of human history is sufficient to realize that the "globalization" is as old as the human race itself. Since ancient times, people (and animals) have been immigrating to far off, and often unknown, places in pursuit of water, food, congenial weather, and safety of children. The pursuit of material knowledge and spiritual elevation has also taken people to new places. In relatively recent history, people have also moved in the search of wealth and power.
With people, also immigrated their knowledge, food, life style, traditions and prejudices. The global growth was therefore faster, more symmetrical, and definitely development and growth oriented. The quality of human life improved dramatically each century till the end of 19th century.
Though the concept of travel permission and documentation is known to have existed since long, it was not till WW1 that it became restrictive. The history would suggest that most modern day fundamental scientific inventions were made in pre war era. In post war period the scientific developments have been more oriented towards defence (including internet and means of transportation), offence and disease control.
The modern day concept of Nationalism (restrictive immigration of knowledge & people) has not helped anyone but a handful of people endowed with leadership qualities who chose to become political or military leaders. The global growth therefore has been slow, asymmetrical and often harmful to the humanity in general.
The evolution of modern day mathematics, and therefore, other branches of scientific enquiries, are a classic example of collaborative research, enabled through free movement of people and knowledge. The concepts of zero and decimal conceived in Indian sub-continent travelled unhindered to the western world via Arab mathematicians and laid foundation for modern economics, mathematics, physics, astronomy, aeronautics, etc.
The entire north American continent is outcome of mass immigration of people from various parts of the world. Regardless of the repeated political rhetoric no one has ever tried to stop foreign knowledge and resources entering US borders. That is the strength of the US economic and political model. Trust me, no one (including Trump and Hillary) is even dreaming of closing US borders to foreign knowledge, workers or money.
The mass immigration that we are witnessing in Europe today, may be similar to what happened, more recently, in Europe during 8-12th century, and during 16-18th century in the USA, Asia and Indian subcontinent. It is bound to have significant economic ramifications - mostly positive.
The Congress style of Nationalism has perhaps irreparably damaged largest pool of knowledge, skills and other valuable resources. by making India a closed economy in post independence era. It needs to be immediately deserted and buried forever. The world is presenting a humongous opportunity that comes once in many centuries. VISA restrictions are easing worldwide. Global capital is looking for avenues where it can earn some nominal return. In my view, the whirlwind global tours of PM Modi should be evaluated in this context.....to continue tomorrow

Wednesday, March 9, 2016

Tippy Tippy Tap - What color you want?

"History does nothing; it does not possess immense riches, it does not fight battles. It is men, real, living, who do all this."
—Karl Marx (German, 1818-1883)
Word for the day
Sylvan (adj)
Of, relating to, or inhabiting the woods.
Malice towards none
Want freedom from traffic jams - call the FM to your area and keep him stuck in jam for two hours!
First random thought this morning
Since Kanahaiya Kumar and Richa Singh have taken over the headlines, the common man is being seriously deprived of the "real" news, e.g., Why did Anushka and Virat break up? Why did Ranbir and Katrina break up? Why Aamir Khan has been chosen as brand ambassador for irrigation department of Maharashtra? Why Salman and Shahrukh have crossed swords again?
By the way, do you know the viewership statistics of the latest videos of RaGa, NaMo and KK's on Youtube?

Tippy Tippy Tap - What color you want?

Traditionally, the divergence of global markets from the real economic conditions is usually followed by a sharp correction that leads to convergence of realty with hopes.
I have not been able to derive a pattern in such corrections. But sentimentally I feel that the correction are sharper and more painful when hope runs much ahead of ground realty. Many more people lose money in this correction as compared to the people who earn supernormal profits during the course of divergence.
The sharp fall in stock prices during past six months was clearly a case of reality whipping the hopes. The correction has been sharp and painful. It will quite some time before investors' sentiments recuperate.
In the reverse case, i.e., when real economy does much better than the markets, the corrections are protracted and less euphoric. Few people participate in the up move. A majority of investors join the party late, usually when all the fruits have been plucked by smart investors. What is left is either few scarred fruits at the top which are risky to pluck or the overripe rotting stuff scarred all around.
The rally in Indian stocks from 2003 to 2006 was a classic example of this instance.
The key point to ponder this morning is what pattern market is forming today!
(a)   Is market sensing an imminent economic recovery, which many investors are unable to anticipate; and hence the shallow rally from the recent lows may gradually strengthen further in next 6months, before investors' sentiment improve and they jump in to participate? and/or
(b)   Have global investors started to see India separately from the entire emerging world, in view of its stronger macro fundamentals, and hence Indian assets (INR, Equities and Bonds) are witnessing a stronger interest from global buyers? Or
(c)    The global economy is expected to remain in slow lane for at least another 12months. China has already started working with lower (6-6.5%) growth estimates. Japan and Europe have remained on the brink, never really looking like recovering from recession post 2008-09 global crisis. US growth has remained feeble ever since post recession and not likely to log a rate over 3% in next 12months or so. Despite that commodity prices have surged in past one week at most frantic pace in recent history. Brent crude has jumped over 42% since lows of 20th January 2016. Copper and Iron Ore are not behind.
       So, is the sharp rally in March is just a caper in a longer bear market?
Would be glad to have readers' thoughts on this. I shall be sharing my thoughts on this later this week.

Tuesday, March 8, 2016

Nifty: All star aligned for an up move

Thought for the day
"There is a specter haunting Europe, the specter of Communism."
—Karl Marx (German, 1818-1883)
Word for the day
Factotum (n)
Any employee or official  having many different responsibilities.
Malice towards none
Brent Crude is up staggering 41% since the low recorded on 20th January this year.
The domestic petrol prices are down by over Rs3 during this period.
First random thought this morning
In a series of media interviews post his release from jail, a soft spoken Kanhaiya Kumar (KK) evoked emotions by playing a perfect victim; with a conspicuous glee on his face already declaring a victory.
I find him "not honest to himself", "no icon", a sequel to Arvind Kejriwal (AK) may be, but "no JP or Lohia".

Nifty: All star aligned for an up move

After almost six months, daily, weekly and monthly charts are aligned for a move of the similar magnitude in the same direction. Nifty faces a credible resistance in 7600-7610 range. A sustained cross over may see Nifty crossing 7900 in next following 7weeks.
 
 

Friday, March 4, 2016

Care 'bout elephant sitting right next to you!

"An intellectual hatred is the worst."
— W. B. Yeats (Irish, 1865-1939)
Word for the day
Supercilious (adj)
Haughtily disdainful or contemptuous, as a person or a facial expression.
Malice towards none
The evidence emerging from Haryana  strongly suggests a total breakdown of constitutional machinery during recent RIOTS in the State.
If this is not a fit case under Article 356 for imposition of president rule, then there could never be any case for its use.
First random thought this morning
In past few years, an overwhelming large number of Indian politicians have demonstrated their disregard for the democratic institutions, most notably, the Parliament & various State Assemblies, the Judiciary, the CAG, and office of State Governors.
It is critical to stop here and examine whether only a certain class of elected representatives have lost faith in the working of democracy in India, or it is reflection of a perception prevailing in a broader section of the Society. For without solving this conundrum, we might not be able to move forward.

Care 'bout elephant sitting right next to you!

In past couple of days many of my regular readers have criticized me, rather uncharitably, for two things - (a) unduly appreciating the Union Budget for FY17 and (b) digressing from the market to muddy field of politics.
The common points of criticism are - "why should an investor take a hard stand on any politician?"; and "how do I care so much about decades, when all that matters is what the market will do between 9:15AM to 3:30PM today?".
My critics are not wrong. But neither am I. It's only matter of different approaches to achieve the same goal.
I have stated it twice before. I am reiterating it. There are people who live life as a series of discrete days. It's not me. I see life as a continuous time series. I do not assign much importance to the discrete days, like last or first days of months, quarters, and years, in the infinitum of time. The random data points published on these days also do not bother me much. These data points, including daily stock prices, monthly sales and production numbers, quarterly profits, are relevant to me only if they form a easily discernible pattern in a secular trend.
I bother more about the secular trends and not random digressions. And I have no hesitation in saying that the secular trend in Indian equities is definitely UP. Rest all is merely matters of discussion.
Now coming to the specific points of criticism.
I am not unduly appreciating the budget presented by Mr. Jaitely last Monday. I am truly happy. I have been frequently saying that the Indian economy and hence the corporate India can grow to their potential only if the growth becomes more inclusive. With 5% people earning, saving, investing , consuming and 95% just surviving, the economy can grow only at the conventional Hindu Rate of growth. We need at least 75% people participating in the growth process, to grow at the desired double digit pace.
To achieve this, the government need to become an enabler and not just continue to remain a provider. The finance minister, through his latest budget presentation, has made a statement of intent to this effect. The corporates, and the middle classes which will produce the largest number of entrepreneurs through such enablement, will benefit the most from this change. All the investors in Indian market should be rejoicing this, like me. Bothering about a few pennies in extra taxes would be like missing the big elephant sitting right next to you.
I care least for the dividend tax, knowing fully that only 10-15k people in a country of 1.30bn would be marginally impacted by this provision.
Insofar as coming down hard on politicians is concerned - I may clarify that I did not make any political point yesterday. I see a huge transformative global economic trend in that. This shall have serious investment implications, in my view. I had written about that couple of years back also. I will explain again, in some detail, next week.
My greetings to all the readers on the pious occasion of Maha Shivratri,

Thursday, March 3, 2016

Frankenstein monster

"If suffering brings wisdom, I would wish to be less wise."
— W. B. Yeats (Irish, 1865-1939)
Word for the day
Parapraxis (n)
A slip of the tongue or pen, forgetfulness, misplacement of objects, or other error thought to reveal unconscious wishes or attitudes.
Malice towards none
Will US finally have a woman president?
First random thought this morning
Inarguably there are serious gaps in government statistics. A large number of CSO data seems inconsistent, and incongruent with what we see on the ground. For example, manufacturing growth does not tally with IIP numbers, persistent decline in exports and lower railway freight tariff.
Besides, the current government has been changing the goal posts in some cases, e.g., change in the matrix for assessing economic growth.
Some may find it to be a cause for skepticism; or even cynicism. I do not care, as I know for sure that the inconsistencies and incongruence in data has been a very consistent feature of government statistics, since ever.

Frankenstein monster

Martin Wolf, in a recent article published in the Financial Times, launched a scathing attack on the leading Republican candidate, Donald Trump. The title of the article "Donald Trump embodies how great republics meet their end" sums up the narrative.
Wolf writes "Mr. Trump is a promoter of paranoid fantasies, a xenophobe and an ignoramus. His business consists of the erection of ugly monuments to his own vanity."
Wolf quotes Robert Kagan's argument to extend his assertion. Kagan, argued in a powerful column in The Washington Post, "Mr Trump is also the GOP’s Frankenstein monster. He is the monstrous result of the party’s wild obstructionism, its demonisation of political institutions, its flirtation with bigotry and its racially tinged derangement syndrome over President Barack Obama. We are supposed to believe that Trump’s legion of ‘angry’ people are angry about wage stagnation. No, they are angry about all the things Republicans have told them to be angry about these past seven-and-a-half years”.
Wolf, goes a step further - "This is not about the last seven-and-a-half years. These attitudes were to be seen in the 1990s, with the impeachment of President Bill Clinton. Indeed, they go back all the way to the party’s opportunistic response to the civil rights movement in the 1960s. Alas, they have become worse, not better, with time."
Wolf serves a reminder - "During the first century BC, the wealth of empire destabilised the Roman republic. In the end, Augustus, heir of the popular party, terminated the republic and installed himself as emperor. He did so by preserving all the forms of the republic, while he dispensed with their meaning."
Not that it matters to anyone, but I am in full agreement with Martin Wolf on this. While I am no fan of Ms. Clinton either, I believe Trump could be a disaster to the future of democracy itself. In fact in my view, Chinese and other communists would be praying for Trump's victory in November election. Because, that could potentially revive the dying legacy of Marx and revive a worker & farmer movement worldwide.
Conjecturing about the future of democracy apart, what made me read the article twice, was the stark similarity between GoPs of USA and India, the two largest democracies in the world.
If Donald Trump is the monstrous Frankenstein for the Republican Party of USA, our own Mr. Rahul Gandhi could very well be the Bhasmasur (Hindu mythological equivalent of Frankenstein) for the Congress Party.
Wolf further warns even if Trump fails to win GoP nomination, "An American Caesarism has now become flesh. It seems a worryingly real danger today. It could return again in future.
This warning in my view may be true for India also.

Wednesday, March 2, 2016

The morning after

"The worst thing about some men is that when they are not drunk they are sober."
— W. B. Yeats (Irish, 1865-1939)
Word for the day
Passel (n)
A group or lot of indeterminate number, e.g., a passel of dignitaries.
Malice towards none
Is Mahishasur more relevant than the anarchy in Haryana!
Why no one is seeking a debate in the Parliament over Haryana massacre?
First random thought this morning
The government has given a firm reply to the allegation of crony capitalism, by hitting the alleged friends of PM hard in the budget. The hit was so hard that even communist Sitaram Yechury was seen sympathizing with corporate India. Congress too could not find anything material to criticize in the budget. Frivolity is what we shall see in the days to come.

The morning after

The morning after market woke up fresh and excited. There was no feeling of tiredness or nausea. The cynics tried hard but could find virtually nothing substantial to criticize in the budget. The bench sitters jumped in the arena and shorts were scurrying for the cover.
It would be wrong to say that the market is completely out the woods. The high intraday volatility continues to be high. The volumes are nothing commensurate with the level of activity. Implied volatility continues to be low to moderate. The momentum is clearly weak on the daily charts.
But it could be said with reasonable degree of certainty that a strong bottom is forming in the 7000+3% nifty range.
I highlighted the first and hurried impression about the budget on Monday night. After careful study, I am even more convinced that the budget is very close to the best that could have been done under the circumstances.
The following points, I found missing from the common discussions.
(a)   The budget speech avoided many key terms like "Smart Cities", "Defence", "Minorities", and "GST". If read this with the Railway Budget, which avoided reference to passenger and freight tariffs, it is that the government increasingly shifting the focus to the Executive action. Since independence governments have been taking parliamentary approval for raising charges of platform tickets, post cards etc. Taking these, and many bigger, things out of legislative domain is a key reform that is being silently implemented.
(b)   The budget also did not mention new AIIMS, IIMs, IITs. The entire speech did not name any region, caste, community or gender. The rural sector allocation did not rise much, but within that non-MNREGA allocation saw 94% jump. Inclusion, productivity and faster execution appears to be the focus. Announcing projects just for foundation stone laying ceremonies is past.
(c)    Promoting NPS at the expense of EPFO, and retaining MF dividend out of 10% dividend tax, are extremely positive long term measures for the capital market. NPS could become a viable alternative to FPIs. It will get 25-35year money to invest in markets. Given the social security gap in the country, it could become much bigger than LIC and EPFO in next couple of decades.
(d)   In a rare instance, FM has budget much lower growth in Excise (12%) and Service Tax (10%), and much higher growth in income tax (18%). Inflation targeting seems to have rubbed off on North block mandarins also.
(e)    Strategic oil reserve could soon become a reality, at the expense of foreign vendors. Similarly, food processing industry may also get a boost at the expense of global retail chains.
(f)    New sections 54EE and 54GB imply -sell your house and invest in business if need be.