Monday, February 22, 2016

Nifty: Survived to live another day



Thought for the day

"It is dangerous to be right in matters on which the established authorities are wrong."

Voltaire (French, 1694-1778)

Word for the day

Autodidact (n)

A person who has learned a subject without the benefit of a teacher or formal education; a self-taught person.

(Source: Dictionary.com)

Malice towards none

What has changed in the country since independence - For the better, and for the worst?
 

Nifty: Survived to live another day

The deep cracks on daily charts are yet to be filled up, but the bottom seems to have moved up to 6950 from 6770 earlier.
On weekly charts the bottom successfully tested and saved. A weekly close above 7610 will see 8200 tested soon thereafter.
A close above 7200 on Budget day will cement a midterm bottom for Nifty at 7000.
 
 
 

Friday, February 19, 2016

What markets really want from FM

"Whatsoever is contrary to nature is contrary to reason, and whatsoever is contrary to reason is absurd."
—Baruch Spinoza (Dutch, 1632-1677)
Word for the day
Transient (adj)
Not lasting, enduring, or permanent; transitory.
Malice towards none
The constitutional right to a dignified life should include right to a dignified funeral also.
First random thought this morning
The government has successfully created a mountain out of mole, yet again.
Everyone knows that these agitations and sloganeering is an integral part of JNU culture. Nothing new. Nothing harmful. Most of these students grow up to become respectable professionals, senior bureaucrats, and administrators.
Not much evidence of any material number of JNU alumni turning out to be secessionists.

What markets really want from FM

Once there was this person who lived his life in complete dissoluteness. He loved to eat out, smoke, drink, often enjoyed late night parties and spent profusely. All was going on well, till the day his heart gave him first shock. The life suddenly changed. The sight of death triggered the transformation. Morning walk, yoga, healthy meals, early to bed and timely medicine were his life now.
Somewhat similar is the situation of many Indian corporates and banks today. The profligate capex funded by indulgent borrowing by the businesses in past 15years has severely damaged their balance sheets. Unable to bear it, most have conveniently passed the pain over to lenders.
The promoters are naturally worried that a close scrutiny by Supreme Court and RBI may set the course right by holding them accountable for their accesses.
The markets which have cherished every bit of their profligacy in the past are also naturally worried.
The government is seeking to structurally reverse the persistently negative interest rate on financial savings which in past decade have discouraged household savings, the very backbone of our economic growth. The tax incentive on savings has also become a totally ineffective tool in the current inflationary scenario. A reform here – to fix the savings rate at CPI plus one percent would make many businesses unviable.
The family businesses which have long thrived on subsidized capital from banks and financial institutions shall have to dilute their equity, should they be forced to borrow at competitive terms. Do they really want it? Similar is the case with labor reforms, tax reforms, etc.
Not many businesses seem to be welcoming lower tax rate with rationalized exemption regime.
Zero tax on long term capital gains on listed equities is another bone of contention. The mere hint of withdrawal of this exemption has made markets jittery. But to develop a vibrant debt market an encouraging start ups, brining parity in taxation of debt instruments, unlisted equity and listed equity might become necessary.
Last evening I heard some bankers and economists at a seminar. The common running idea in all formal presentations was how to revive investments without compromising fiscal discipline. But none, yes none, suggested higher taxation on businesses or the rich.
Many wanted tax sops to encourage private sector investment and higher protection to the globally uncompetitive industries facing challenges from cheaper imports. But no one explained that how businesses will be motivated to invest in new projects when the economy wide capacity utilization is at cycle lows and export demand is clouded!
I will share my thoughts on what FM should ideally be doing under the circumstances next week.

Thursday, February 18, 2016

The land of opportunities- II

"Sin cannot be conceived in a natural state, but only in a civil state, where it is decreed by common consent what is good or bad."
—Baruch Spinoza (Dutch, 1632-1677)
Word for the day
Indwell
To abide within, as a guiding force, motivating principle, etc.
Malice towards none
It would be in order to remember that both Bhagat Singh (RSP) and Subhash Chandra Bose (Forward Bloc) were leftists.
Nationalism is not an exclusive domain of rightists.
First random thought this morning
As a father of two children entering their teens, I can appreciate the problems of Indian town planners much better.
You buy them new shoes, and they outgrow these before the boxes are opened. It's like you build a new road or flyover and traffic outgrows it before the construction is complete.
What is the way out? Buy one size large! Buy cheaper stuff! Tell children to wear only slippers till their growth stabilizes! Trust me nothing works.
We have tried all three options on roads - we know nothing works.

The land of opportunities- II

The latest UP chapter of the travelogue of my colleagues confirm a lot of my observations made during my previous trip to the State.
The following observations in particular are relevant for investment strategies.
(a)   Though there is increasing evidence of the economic inequalities abridging. The economic policies of the successive state governments in past couple of decades (usually termed populist, regressive, unproductive, unmindful and socialist in the market jargon) have definitely resulted socio-economic inclusion of a large number of people.
While market economists may struggle to assimilate this, many businesses have already done this. Otherwise how do you explain, (i) Gillette India running a door-to-door promotion campaign for its high end Mach3 razor blades in old city area of Moradabad, traditionally inhabited by poor artisans and laborers; (ii) full house in English speaking coaching center in Badayun, charging Rs350/hour; (iii) over 100 scooties parked outside a girls' degree collage in Gonda; (iv) Zumba classes in down town Varanasi, party & banquet halls in down town Firozabad, (iv) numerous obesity clinics, gyms and slimming centers in almost all towns; (v) numerous private paid car parking plots in old city Bareilly & Agra; (vi) millions of coaching centers spread across urban and rural areas; and (vii) McDonald & Dominos fiercely competing with traditional Samosa shops in holy town of Mathura.
(b)   The state has successfully revived its rich tradition of education. The aspirations are running really high. In a decade the state may overtake all other states in terms of producing professionals in all fields.
       This is explained by seriously rising number of skilled youth going abroad for jobs. In top 10 urban agglomerates, it is difficult to find a lane or by-lane which does not boast of at least one boy/girl working abroad as professional. The number of semi-skilled laborers travelling to gulf is also on the rise.
       UP may seriously outdo southern states or Punjab in terms of inward remittances in next decade or so.
(c)    There are so many monetary incentives to send children to school in UP that it is almost impossible for parents not to send their wards to school.
(d)   UP has plenty of water, arable land and farmers to supply the growing demand for vegetables and fruits. There are visible signs of farmers choosing cash crops over conventional crops. This state may well be the center of the food processing revolution in the country.
(e)    The rooftop solar is spreading like fire in the state. In 5-7 years, power shortages may be history in the state.
(f)    National highways passing through the state are as good as in any other state. The State highways are improving by the hour.
Also read the following

Wednesday, February 17, 2016

The land of opportunities

"If you want the present to be different from the past, study the past."
—Baruch Spinoza (Dutch, 1632-1677)
Word for the day
Indignant (adj)
Feeling, characterized by, or expressing strong displeasure at something considered unjust, offensive, insulting, or base.
Malice towards none
What was the nationality of the lineal descendants of "Babar - the invader", who were born and died in Hindustan?
Is there anything on record to indicate that they plundered any wealth from Hindustan to enrich a foreign land, or jeopardized the "National" interest for personal gains.
Please keep religion out of this for one moment.
First random thought this morning
I am astonished to note that Ita Nagar was listed amongst the dirtiest cities in India.
I last travelled to Arunachal Pradesh eight years ago. I found the entire State very clean and people extremely sensitive to the Nature.
I do not what is wrong here - either the city has seriously de-generated or the process of evaluation is flawed/corrupt.

The land of opportunities

The assembly elections in the state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) are one year away. However, given the critical importance of the state for BJP and also for those aspiring to put up a united opposition to BJP in 2019 general election, the State shall assume the center stage very soon.
If we go by the experience of the last elections in Bihar, the financial markets will engage in UP elections even more intensely.
If you pardon my audacity, I may say that - if we go by the experience of the last elections in Bihar, the engagement of the financial markets in UP elections may also be frivolous, superficial and unwarranted.
Some of my colleagues recently undertook an expansive tour of the state. What they have seen, makes me confident that the state is ready to assume its rightful place as the primary engine of Indian economy in next two decades or so, irrespective of the fact who is at the helm in Lucknow or New Delhi.
In my view, without bothering too much about the political process and complexities, investors may consider factoring the following facts and trends in their investment strategies.
First some widely known but still relevant statistical facts about the state:
(a)   Over 16% population of India calls UP home, but UP's economy is just 8% of national economy. Accordingly, per capita income of UP residents is about half of the national average.
(b)   About 30% of UP population lives below poverty line, the largest in India. Thus, the income inequalities and concentration of wealth is also higher in UP, as compared to the national averages.
(c)    UP has the highest population density amongst the larger states in India, but only one fourth of its population lives in urban areas. The state has over 45mn urban dwellers, but there are only six cities with million plus population. The largest city Lucknow hosts ~3mn people. Even villages of UP are crowded as per national standard.
(d)   The population of the state is younger, more productive and more literate than the national average.
(e)    The share of industry and manufacturing in the state economy is less than 12%; the balance being divided equally amongst agriculture and services.
(f)    UP is the largest producer of milk and sugar cane in the country and second largest producer of vegetables.
(g)    UP economy has grown at a faster rate than the national average in past three years.
These statistical facts juxtaposed to our observation create some amazing investment opportunities, in my view.....to continue tomorrow

Tuesday, February 16, 2016

GVA or GDP or whatever

"Peace is not an absence of war, it is a virtue, a state of mind, a disposition for benevolence, confidence, justice."
—Baruch Spinoza (Dutch, 1632-1677)
Word for the day
Calumniate (v)
To make false and malicious statements about; slander.
Malice towards none
Is Trump becoming a big deal for US markets?
First random thought this morning
The strength of the sentiment of Nationalism generally in various people
Foreign job aspirant: Inversely proportionate to the probability of getting the aspired job.
Parents of NRIs: Inversely proportionate to the affection of the respective NRI wards towards their parent.
Common man: Inversely proportionate to their exposure to the foreign land. (Exceptions: During terrorist attacks, national holidays cricket matches and major festivals)
Film Stars: Inversely proportionate to the product of the recognition they get from the local establishment and chances of their getting entry into global cinema. (Exception: During the period close to the release of their films)
NRIs: Inversely proportionate to the product of their financial stability, children affection towards them and number of days remaining in their favorite festivals.

GVA or GDP or whatever

The skepticism over veracity of economic growth data disclosed by the agencies of Indian government is rising by the day.
A relatively large number of economists feel the credibility associated with these numbers needs to be reassessed. In their view, the ground realities are showing no material change that would suggest that the economy is already back firmly on the growth path. Though most acknowledge bottoming of the down cycle; few appear trusting the numbers presented by government agencies.
In my view, the dispute over credibility of the data has two dimensions:
(a)   First, the change in the method of computing the nation's economic growth perhaps has not been managed well. A combination of the factors like inadequacy of historical series and data dissemination; debate over appropriateness of the new methodology in Indian context; and resistance to change, are driving a part of the criticism.
(b)   Secondly, the disaggregated data is not corroborating the aggregate numbers. The dismal monthly IIP & PMI numbers, corporate results, and rising NPA numbers do not compare with the industrial growth as reflected in the aggregate economic growth data. Similarly, falling number of tourists, falling credit growth, volume growth for telecom & insurance companies, poor state of real estate and constructions sector etc. cast doubt over services growth. Two consecutive poor monsoons, sharp fall in rural demand and ~5-6% food inflation, also do not adequately explain the agriculture sector growth
I doubt that the skepticism could be emanating more from perception rather than from knowledge of the reality.
The criticism perhaps fails in acknowledging the structural change in rural economy. The importance of farming has shrunk materially in past decade.
Overwhelmingly driven by corporate performance, large business sentiment surveys and urban consumers' confidence, it might also be unfair in underestimating the rising clout of self-enterprise and consumers beyond metropolis.
Not being an economist myself and blissfully ignorant of MS Excel working, I am totally ineligible to comment on the veracity or otherwise of the official economic growth data. But still I do have the following comments to make:
7%+ growth is indubitably impressive not only in the current global context, but even during good times. But it is miserably inadequate if only 20% of the population benefits from it. A 5% but more inclusive growth would be much more cherished.
The condition on the ground may not be good, but it is much better than what it was 10years or even 5years back, and improving steadily. I will therefore be happy if the current trend of change continues for another decade, regardless of how the headline number of GVA or GDP or whatever reads.

Monday, February 15, 2016

Greed capitulating fast

Thought for the day
"Fear cannot be without hope nor hope without fear."
—Baruch Spinoza (Dutch, 1632-1677)
Word for the day
Despondent (adj)
Feeling or showing profound hopelessness, dejection, discouragement, or gloom
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Did the legacy of Takshshila decided to stay back in Pakistan in 1947 or it relocated to India?
An RTI query on this has been returned unanswered.
First random thought this morning
School students in Maharashtra read little or nothing about history and legends of South, East or North India. Students in Mumbai cannot even name all North Eastern states. None of the seven 10th class Delhi students I spoke to were aware about a region named Rohilkhand in India. Students in UP, Punjab, Bihar, Rajasthan are mostly ignorant about Thiruvalluvar, Subramanya Bharti, Eknath, and Chandidas.
Confirm this state of affairs with your children and tell me how do we propose to achieve national integration? Sedition.....hummm....could the creators and managers of our education system and policy be framed under Section 124A.

Greed capitulating fast

The greedy trade that refused to budge has suddenly capitulated. The outperformance of broader market since past 27months, has materially corrected in past couple of weeks. Historically, this is a material sign of market cycles bottoming.
The sharp rise in implied volatility witnessed last week, if sustains this week, will be another significant indicator of acceleration in bottoming process.
In strict technical terms, in my view, a monthly close above 7200 in Nifty will establish a cycle bottom at 6850.
The beginning of a new market cycle will be confirmed with a weekly close above 7610.
There are some deep cracks on daily charts that may take upto 8weeks of improved volume and strong momentum to repair. No move of 1% in Nifty on closing basis and 2% on intra basis for 7 consecutive trading sessions will indicate full recovery on daily charts.
The Nifty shorts needs to cover this week.
The Nifty longs may wait for another week.
 
 
 

Friday, February 12, 2016

World is not ending this weekend

"Whoever hears of fat men heading a riot, or herding together in turbulent mobs? No - no, your lean, hungry men who are continually worrying society, and setting the whole community by the ears."
—Washington Irving (American, 1783-1859)
Word for the day
Zenith (n)
A highest point or state; culmination.
Malice towards none
Why minority schools be exempted from RTE provisions?
Why can't they be told to admit 25% poor students from their respective minority community?
First random thought this morning
My colleagues just returned from an extensive tour of Uttar Pradesh. The State is already into election mode; though elections are due only in Mar'17.
At present the main contest appears to be between the traditional rivals SP & BSP, with SP having marginal edge. BJP is a distant third, nowhere close to its Lok Sabha performance. Congress does not appear in the frame.
People are generally not hopeful of a Bihar like grand alliance. Though many old Congressmen believe that Congress may finally court Mayawati to claim a Bihar like victory.

World is not ending this weekend

"You must liquidate your entire portfolio and raise cash", advised a well-wisher, last evening. "I did it today", he said in a rather assuring tone.
"Ain't it time to buy", I asked curiously.
"No, I heard an expert on television. He says, we are in a bear market. Our markets are going to fall substantially from the current levels. The global scenario is very bad. It is much worse than 2008. You yourself wrote yesterday, that global investors are expecting a deeper recession and prolonged deflationary conditions", he explained with a grim face but very confident voice.
"But what has changed in past three months. You sounded extremely bullish around Diwali", I extended the conversation.
"No, no, no. You do not understand. Oil has plunged to almost US$25/bbl. Over US$500bn debt is seriously under threat. Many European banks are about to go bankrupt. Chinese reserves are eroding fast. There is great rush towards safe haven bonds and gold. Smart investors have already seen black swans", he spoke calmly, as if he was reading some research report from top Wall Street bank.
"Ain't oil at US$25/bbl is a dream come true for India. Except for ONGC and Cairn, everyone else seems to be benefitting from it. Even RIL recorded over US$11/bbl refining margin in last quarter. How did bankruptcies of General Motors, Lehman, Fanny & Freddie, Country First, Bear & Sterns and sale of Merril Lynch, default of Greece etc., affected our domestic economy in 2008-09. Negative yields worldwide may in fact be a great opportunity for capital starved Indian enterprise and government to raise cheaper money. Erosion in Chinese and OPEC reserves may actually turn terms of trade in favor of India. Indian businesses have struggled with adverse terms of trade with these nations for long", I tried to communicate my arguments to seemingly uninterested ears.
"You do not understand markets. When bear strike, bulls go hiding. In these times, for a common investor it is best to move to fringes and stay there till the bulls come back from hiatus", he almost scolded me.
"But when did the bears actually strike in Indian market. Was not it in summer of 2015 when we fell 15% from the March highs. 2015 was in fact one of the few times in past 30yrs when Indian markets have given negative return. So why did you not sell earlier. Why only now", I poked him, risking a contempt charge.
"Do what you want to", he said in a voice of resignation and put the phone down.
I had been worried about markets since May 2014 when it rallied purely on "Hope". That "Hope" has clearly faded, with Nifty below the Modi victory day. However, someone must account for the good work that has been done since then. I strongly believe that world is not about to end this weekend. But who cares for my belief.

Thursday, February 11, 2016

We are already half way up!

"There is certain relief in change, even though it be from bad to worse! As I have often found in traveling in a stagecoach, that it is often a comfort to shift one's position, and be bruised in a new place."
—Washington Irving (American, 183-1859)
Word for the day
Nonce (n)
The present, or immediate, occasion or purpose (usually used in the phrase for the nonce).
Malice towards none
I am sure not many Indians would share Shane Warne's sentiments towards Steve Waugh!
First random thought this morning
Have you ever been afraid of saying or writing something, thinking someone might have said or written the same thing before.
I have always been afraid.
But now, after so many years of living under constant fear, I have accepted that there is nothing that has not been said, written or done before.
Plagiarism, copyrights, patents and originality is all farce.


We are already half way up!

As per various estimates, globally over US$7tr worth of government bonds are trading at zero or negative yield, meaning holders of these bonds expect to receive less money in interest and principle payments than the money they are paying today to buy these bonds. Japanese government benchmark 10yr securities are latest entrants to the club. Besides, an alarmingly large amount of bonds are trading at yields below 1%. Many of these bonds are longer maturity (5yrs or more) bonds.
Zero or sub-zero yields on bonds implies, holders of these bonds are expecting no inflation, no growth and permanent QE for a really long period of time. For records, In 2008 there was no bond at zero or negative yield and people were expecting hyper-inflation and EMs, especially BRICS, growing at high single digits.
As per the recent report on consumer sentiments by Nielsen, "More than half (55%) of respondents around the world believed they were in recession in the fourth quarter of 2015, which increased slightly from the start of that year (53%).
Given my limited knowledge of the global market and investors' behavior, I am failing to understand how one could panic with this benchmark of expectations and sentiments, unless one is anticipating a much deeper recession and prolonged deflation in the investment strategy. Of course, considering the excesses of governments and central bankers in past one decade, it is not at all difficult to fathom such eventuality.
But the mute point is what would bring the world out of this deep pit?
Historically, major wars, significant productivity gains from innovations and new technologies, and positive changes in demography have driven the recovery from great recessions.
In most of the instances, recovery has resulted in material adjustment in the global terms of trade and rebalancing of strategic power equations.
Whatever I am reading and listening, I do not get a sense of any of these eventualities being factored in investors' anticipation.
We are witnessing one of the largest immigration in the human history. This will change demography of the west materially, sooner than later. The tremendous gains made from innovation in energy space and use of internet in past one decade are there for everyone to see. Post WWI, terrorism has perhaps killed more people than anything else. The war on terrorism is at its peak. Rogue elements in Iraq, Iran, Libya, Afghanistan, Sudan, Nicaragua etc. have been largely neutralized. The pressure on the remaining pockets like Syria, Pakistan, Yemen, North Korea is rising every day.
Huge transfer of wealth is taking place from oil producing countries to the oil consumers. This reverses one of the major economic trend in post WWII era. CNY has already entered IMF reserve currency basket. The world which looked uni-polar post end of cold war, is suddenly multi-polar.
So in my view, the worst has already happened, and we are already in corrective phase. The panic in bond market may be just a vote of no confidence in unconventional strategies of central banks...more on this later

Wednesday, February 10, 2016

Douse the fire, and make house fireproof - II

"The idol of today pushes the hero of yesterday out of our recollection; and will, in turn, be supplanted by his successor of tomorrow."
—Washington Irving (American, 183-1859)
Word for the day
Aeromancy (n)
The prediction of future events from observation of weather conditions.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Do you trust Headley?
First random thought this morning
After living 7years in Mumbai, I shifted back to Delhi last year.
Personally, I do not find any perceptible difference in the air quality of Mumbai and Delhi. My young kids haven't have any notable respiratory complication in past one year. I do not suffocate during my morning walks or evening strolls on the roadside. My neighbors have got their lungs screened last weekend, out of paranoia. Doctors found no trace of toxins everyone is claiming to be abundantly present in the city's air.
The website of Delhi Development Authority (DDA) still claims that Delhi is "the greenest capital city" in the world. CBI may investigate whether there is a major scam behind all this!


Douse the fire, and make house fireproof - II

In past three decades, the steel and textile industries in India have been a regular pain for the banking sector; responsible for demise of development institutions like ICICI, IDBI, IFCI and UTI. Though the current credit cycle is led by power and infrastructure sector - steel (including mining) is no less a pressure a point even now.
A forensic study of the problems of the steel and textile industries, to determine the causes of frequent relapse, would be in order. It is especially critical in view of the virtually painless growth of capital intensive automobile, telecom and pharma sectors. These sectors have managed the global competition and grown without much protection from government.
In fact, so far the entire new economy (euphemism for information technology, media, telecom and related services) has not been much of a trouble for the banking system. We did not hear about any major defaults in the aftermath of dotcom crash at beginning of this millennium. Even a major event like Satyam, in later years, did not leave any scar on the banking system. Capital intensive telecom industry has grown leaps and bounds in past two decades, without bothering the banking system at all.
In past few years ecommerce sector has been logging high growth. Most of this industry has been financed by risk capital. Banking system, a major beneficiary of the growth in the sector, has not have much to bother about.
I find the "large employer" excuse for continuous protection to steel and textile sectors, much less persuasive now. I know for sure, incrementally telecom sector has been the largest employment creator in the country. Automobile and pharma sectors also do not lag much behind.
I have few questions bothering me. For example,-
(a)   Isn't it a good time to tell the errant entrepreneurs in steel and textile sectors to set their house in order, become globally competitive or shut shops? My gut feeling is that their total economic contribution to the economy would not be more than the value of damage they must have inflicted to the economy in all these years, in terms of bad loans, disruptions, labor unrest, litigation, etc.
(b)   The growth in telecom sector may plateau in next few years. There are indications that revenue growth may no longer match the rise in costs. The spectrum auction next fiscal will increase the exposure of banking sector to telecom industry significantly. Do RBI, banks, industry and the government have a plan there?
(c)    The first round of elimination in ecommerce has already begun. This will only accelerate as the industry matures. Though the direct exposure of banking system to the sector may be low. But indirect exposure could be serious - housing, auto, education and other personal loans to people who will lose their jobs. What's the plan there?
(d)   The push to Start ups may entail larger participation of banking sector. Have we developed a robust screening and due diligence mechanism to select only the right kind of start ups for promotion? Or we plan to fund all and then count losses?