Wednesday, November 14, 2018

A random chat

Some food for thought
"Two thousand years ago, we abandoned imperialism and militarism. We have been peace-lovers ever since."
—Sun Yat-sen (Chinese leader, 1866-1925)
Word for the day
Valorous (adj)
Having valor; courageous; valiant; brave
 
First random thought this morning
In post independence India, there have been many instances when the government of the day has criticized the Supreme Court of India for "overreach" in the matters that technically fall in government's domain. There have also been instances when the government did decide to overturn the Supreme Court decision through legislation. However, seldom the masses got involved in the tussle between the judiciary and executive.
However, what is happening now is unprecedented.
In past couple of months the Supreme Court of India has been subjected to severe criticism by common people of the country. The Supreme Court has been virtually reprimanded for first taking a firm stand on Sabrimala temple entry issue and then not affording any urgency to Ayodhya case.
To make the matter worst, the people of the country were incited to burst crackers on this Diwali night, in blatant contempt of the Court's directives. The defiant people trumpeted their contemptuous act on social media, duly backed by the local politicians. Reading of the twitter timeline, day after Diwali felt as if we are living in a banana republic with no rule of law.
At this point in time, I am not taking any sides. In principle, I believe that judiciary has no role in the matters relating to customs and faith. However, in my opinion, the present instances of judicial intervention in customary things must be seen through the broken prism of governance in country.
In my view, it is for the popular government to mobilize public opinions against undesirable customs. Few examples are drinking & gambling on festivals, wedding gifts (Dowry) and unaffordable post death feast of village people, etc.
I fail to understand, if our prime Minister could appeal to people to voluntarily give up LPG subsidy (with stupendous impact as per official claims), cooperate and bear pain caused by demonetization, why he cannot appeal to people (at least to 10cr members of BJP) to not burst harmful crackers, not to burn crop, to manage construction dust properly, etc.
His appeal would have motivated millions of BJP supporters to promote a pollution free Diwali, instead of inciting contempt of the Supreme Court.
Or, our PM is no more confident of his appeal working on people of India?
Chart of the Day

 A random chat
Yesterday I highlighted that smart money may have been gradually withdrawing from Indian equities since past many months. I got numerous calls and messages regarding my observations from AMFI data. Surprisingly, many people appear concurring with me. They however are wondering where this smart money may after all be going!
This reminds me of a recent chat with a dear friend and the best fund manager I know. I would take the risk of annoying him, and share some parts of the 'chat' with my readers.
"XXX Ltd and YYY Ltd, despite being fantastic companies on all counts, are not finding any investors interest at sub 12x PE of TTM EPS. Same is true of 100s of other stocks in India and globally. Therefore, the issue to analyze is why smart money is so disinterested in virtually everything!"
"Most styles of investment are failing except for momentum. And momentum is getting narrower since liquidity is critical for success of momentum and liquidity is drying out."
"Is this due to rise of passive money?"
"Whatever it is, one thing I feel is that, lack of adequate private capex recovery in last decade is owing to general disinterest among investors in capacity creation of basic resources like oil and minerals as well as manufactured goods. Just like dot com days, most money is just going into e-commerce. Net conclusion is that, current bull market is akin to Dot com."
"Other observations is that, small/midcap pain has been felt everywhere in the world since Feb including USA. I thought, the pain was specific to India owing to SEBI actions like MF classification and ASM etc."
"I have been saying the answer will come from philosophy and not economics. The markets must be seen from the viewpoint of big Reset that is being attempted globally since GFC. Though only some scattered progress is visible of this Reset, smart money may rightly be waiting at fringes for more clarity to emerge. The key risk this money is taking is that it may be reduced to ashes in entirety (Global DeMo). People are trying things like Cryptoes and derivatives for Chinese assets. But not at a massive scale as yet."
"Real economy and stock markets cycles can be different. Real economy as such is seeing L shaped recovery globally. Exports hub like Korea, Thailand and Vietnam are getting too old. Developed economy quickly getting too old to consume. USA, possibly the youngest in terms of average age of population among developed countries is seeing dramatic changes in demography. Apparently USA is now seeing lowest number of child birth since 1920."
"Along with increase in life expectancy, rise in amount of time spent on retirement, and fall in return on investment, people need to save more and spend less. These are disinflationary for sure. World needs to consume more. All the technological advances like AI will be used to produce more and there is excess supply everywhere. There lies my hope for India which has a billion hungry stomachs. Most of Africa, Latin America and much of Eastern Europe is like India only."
"The most unfortunate part is that India might remain a 'taker' this time too. We will not have any trend of our own, just like in past 150yrs since industrial revolution. Due to shortsightedness of our politicians we are perhaps missing this AI revolution too. The pursuit of strategic power of Modi will go in vain, if it is not adequately supplemented with technological prowess. My worry therefore is not about lack of opportunity. It is rather about the abundance of opportunities, that we are foolishly missing."

Tuesday, November 13, 2018

Are retail investors falling in trap, yet again

Some food for thought
"Votes should be weighed not counted."
—Friedrich Schiller 9German Dramatist, 1759-1805)
Word for the day
Furlong (n)
A unit of distance equal to 220 yards (about 201 meters)
 
First random thought this morning
Would like to share the following observations made during a trip to Uttar Pradesh last week.
The good
(a)   The highway network in the state is improving materially with each passing day. Some of the highways in economically backward eastern part of the states are truly world class. In particular, Lucknow-Faizabad highway is noteworthy for its quality. Varanasi-Kanpur and Lucknow-Agra-Noida expressways can compete with any global highway.
(b)   The larger towns like Lucknow, Prayagraj, Kanpur, Bareilly, Agra etc. had moved up the consumption value chain long back. Most tier II and III towns are catching up fast. The traces of large telecom, white goods, ready to eat snacks, apparels, home improvement, construction material brands could be abundantly found here.
(c)    Though traffic is chaotic like before, but the traffic police have made appearance in many smaller towns.
(d)   The best part was the sight of young girls (in large groups) riding bicycles to schools in even remotest parts of the state. I could see them everywhere - in cities, towns, hamlets, villages, on muddy village paths, on concrete highways; everywhere. They appeared enthusiastic and fearless. This gives a lot of hope.
(e)    The village houses are increasingly becoming pucca (brick and mortar).
(f)    Small solar panels, tractors, motor cycles now appear normal. Saw no more than 20 bullock carts during a total 2000kms drive.
(g)    Fields were all green and most rivers had some water.
The bad
(h)   Farmers have not yet received the cane payments for last crop. Many of them are being forced to sell their current cane crop to jaggery producers at about 50% of SAP. Farmers are also not getting full MSP for the current Kharif harvest. Farmers have not received insurance claims for the crops destroyed by floods this summer.
(i)    Poor cash flows for farmers are reflecting in the demand for many discretionary items. Markets all across lacked the usual festive look seen during Diwali days.
(j)    The traffic in cities and towns is becoming more chaotic and cacophonic with each passing day. There appears virtually no emphasis on civic training and discipline.
(k)   There is virtually no investment in preserving and promoting the traditional knowledge, culture and legacy.
The ugly
(l)    The ban on beef has resulted in huge number of cows being stranded on roads, almost everywhere. Forced to feed mostly on garbage, the cows are choking to death by eating plastic. The mountains of garbage, adorned with polythene, are visible in almost all cities, towns and villages; the capital city Lucknow and holy city Varanasi, being no exception.
Shall give a detailed account in few days.
 
Are retail investors falling in trap, yet again
Last week AMFI (Association of Mutual Funds in India) issued monthly data of mutual fund flows for October 2018. The data suggested that the inflows in equity schemes (including arbitrage funds) of Indian mutual funds in October, at Rs12,622cr, were highest since April 2018.
Given that October was one of the worst month for Indian stock markets in recent times, the data has evoked keen interest from market participants. The mutual fund industry in particular has seen this data point as a vindication of its sustained campaign to encourage investors to invest through mutual funds.
The data is also being used as a strong argument in favor of the continuation of domestic flows into the Indian equities. It is pertinent to note that strong domestic flows into mutual funds in past couple of years are widely seen as the counterforce to the persistent FPI outflows, and one key factor in the outperformance of Indian equities for better past of 2017 and 2018.

 
I would usually not bother about these monthly numbers and short term trends. However, given the intensity with which market participants are trying to derive support from this data point, I find it pertinent to highlight the following three observations.
1.    Despite a higher absolute number of equity flows in domestic mutual funds, the AUM of equity funds as a percentage of total market capitalization recorded its first meaningful fall in October 2018.

 
2.    The share of high networth household investors (HNI - usually termed as smart money) in total AUM of mutual funds has barely reached the March 2009 levels, whereas the share of smaller household investors (Retail - usually considered to be the trend followers) is almost 4 times the level of March 2009.
Moreover, the quarter ended September 2018 witnessed fall in average HNI equity MF holding to Rs12,45,522 from Rs13,05,593 at end of June 2018. The average holding for Retail investors rose by almost 60% to Rs1,19,328 at end of September 2018 from Rs74,083 at end of June 2018.
3.    The inflows into Indian funds have markedly slowed down in FY19 as compared to FY18.
  • During April-October 2017 period MF witnessed a net inflow of Rs2.53trn. In the corresponding period this year net flows have been almost one third of that at Rs812bn.
  • Moreover, in this period last year, flows into liquid funds were just 6% of the total flows. This year the ratio of liquid to total is 130%.
  • Net flows into pure equity funds are almost the same as last year. However, if we include arbitrage funds, the net flows this year (Rs.693bn) are almost 24% lower than last year number (Rs913bn)
  • Income funds have seen a net redemption of Rs1.23trn, vs. a net inflow of rs783bn last year.
In conclusion, I find the April-October mutual fund data a reason to worry for the market for the following two reasons:
(a)   The basic premise of the whole mutual fund campaign is that the investors must not try to time the market and invest on regular basis.
However, the data for April-October suggest that people have tried to time the market in both debt as well as equity. For one they appear to have sold their existing mutual fund holdings and increased their SIP anticipating a market fall in run up to 2019 elections. Secondly, they have violated their asset allocation by redeeming debt funds anticipating a further rise in interest rates. The money is mostly kept in (cash) liquid funds.
(b)   The supposedly more informed investors have materially reduced their exposure to the Indian equities, along with global investors. Whereas, the smaller investors who usually join the trend late, have materially increased their exposure to Indian equities.