Monday, June 15, 2015

Nifty poised critically: below 7850 floodgates open

 
Thought for the day
"Don't ever take a fence down until you know why it was put up."
-          Robert Frost (American, 1874-1963)
Word for the day
Yestreen (adv)
During yesterday evening.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
To set an example, should AAP practice a pro-forma right to recall in Delhi?

 

Nifty poised critically: below 7850 floodgates open

On weekly charts, Nifty is poised precariously close to its major support range of 7800-7860. A weekly close below this level will open the way for a material correction (~10%) from that level.
A weekly close below 7200 will complete 20% correction from the March highs and establish a medium term bear market, in which case 8450 level will act as ceiling for next 36-52 weeks.
The market breadth has completely cracked last week suggesting that broader markets may underperform henceforth. For confirmation however the trend need to continue this week also.
A large underperformance of broader markets in next couple of weeks will suggest market bottoming without slipping into a bear market. As of this morning this is more likely scenario.
 
 

Friday, June 12, 2015

This jingoism is not new

-          Leo Tolstoy (Russian, 1828-1910)
Word for the day
Eternize (v)
To make eternal; perpetuate.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
The jingoism seen in media over an army operation is not unprecedented. We have seen it before.
The question is - 'is it avoidable?" or they must do it.

This jingoism is not new

Besides the daily soap opera of Delhi government, some events that occurred last week need to be evaluated to find if some paradigms are shifting.
The most talked about event was the reported hot pursuit of Indian army into foreign territory to neutralize the terrorists who ambushed and killed army personnel in Manipur recently.
The government officials tried to convey the message that India is no longer a soft state. The media also played along in full zest.
It has been tried to convey that it is first of its kind operation, but certainly not the last one. I could not digest it. I find it impossible to fathom that Indian army was not responding to extreme provocations from across the border, including gruesome beheading of its personnel.
The jingoism demonstrated by the government is also not unprecedented. We have many instances of incumbent prime ministers and senior minister using threatening language against Pakistan, in particular.
So effectively I do not see any change here.
"The Visit", an online ad campaign for a ethnic garment line has evoked tremendous interest amongst people. The 3:24minute film takes a leap in terms of presentation and acceptance of same sex relationships.
I am not sure how the right wing elements who have been opposing omission of Sec. 377 of IPC would react to this. But a large majority of people would move an inch towards the line of acceptance. A paradigm might have begun to move here, if already not shifted.
Hindi films have mostly reflected the current positioning of various issues in the society.
I have been keenly watching how the metaphor for Mumbai has silently shifted from the iconic VT station and Marine Drive to the newly built Bandra Worli sealink. Similarly, Delhi is no longer represented by India Gate and Vijay Chowk. Instead Delhi Metro is used.
Also, the scene of action has moved away from Mumbai to North. While during 1980-2000, the scene of action was overwhelmingly Mumbai, a in past one decade substantially large number of films have focused on life in middle class Delhi, Punjab and small towns of Uttar Pradesh. A recent hit had the glimpses of life in interiors of Haryana perhaps for the first time in mainstream cinema.
This is a major trend having economic connotations. Firstly, it perhaps indicates that incremental rise in household income is higher in north and east as compared to west. This may be due to high concentration of young population in these states. Secondly, technology and new infrastructure are occupying large space in peoples' conscience as compared to culture and heritage. BJP in particular needs to note these trends. Akhilesh, Nitish and Manohar Lal ji would also be much better placed if they realize and accept these shifting paradigms.
For investors like me, nothing could be more pleasant than to hear that modern infrastructure projects are new heritage icons.

Thursday, June 11, 2015

Weather is turning cold and windy

"The law condemns and punishes only actions within certain definite and narrow limits; it thereby justifies, in a way, all similar actions that lie outside those limits."
-          Leo Tolstoy (Russian, 1828-1910)
Word for the day
Quidnunc (n)
Person who is eager to know the latest news and gossip; a gossip or busybody.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Though the flyers must be loving it, but is the price war in skies really good for the health of the sector?
Couple of more Kingfishers and the rest will kill the pessangers.

Weather is turning cold and windy

The infrastructure project lender IDFC has taken lead in implementing the latest RBI mandate for more effective handling of financially stressed infra assets. It has evicted the extant management of a Chhattisgarh based power producer SV Power which had repeatedly defaulted on its debt obligations.
In my view, it is a strong message to the delinquent companies and defaulting managements. A similar action in time could perhaps saved Kingfisher Airlines and other businesses in similar financial conditions.
It could be a potent deterrent for promoters who are chronic defaulter and have been taking advantage of the lenient enforcement norms in past many decades. Some steel producers, for example, have availed a corporate debt restructuring (CDR) package virtually in all business cycles.
However, by no means this would be sufficient measure, without a stringent project monitoring, money laundering regulation and fast track criminal prosecution of willful defaulters, this practice may only solve a part of the problem.
A suitable bankruptcy law that allows rehabilitation/closure of genuinely failed businesses without any stigma to the promoter of the project could help early detection and cure of financial stress.
It is an unproven but widely acknowledged theory that many unscrupulous promoters use a variety of means to escalate the cost of the project and virtually manage to get away with little or no equity contribution of their own. In such circumstances their personal stakes in the subject project are minimalistic. While they stand to gain most from the success of the project, they have little to lose in case the project runs into rough weather.
A large number of stressed road projects under PPP regime and power/steel plants based on captive mine allocations could be provide useful case studies to evaluate this proposition.
The bankruptcy and banking regulations therefore must be supplemented by a strong criminal prosecution regime for such unscrupulous businessmen.
The report of Nomura India about their trip in Europe to market Indian financial sector stocks makes some interesting reading. As per the report there was very little interest in PSU banks, expect SBI, amongst European investors. Investors were relatively more comfortable playing cyclical recovery cycle through private banks like Axis/Yes. It is generally felt that smaller PSU banks will find raising capital (for BASEL compliance) very difficult and there is little clarity as to see how they will break the vicious cycle.
German 10yr bond yields have touched 1% mark for the first time after September 2014. Gold, US yields and USD have also shown soft trend in recent weeks. No one is rushing to safe havens for now.
Malaysian Ringgit recently touched nine year low. Emerging market equities have cracked badly. Chinese market are in bubble. It's certainly cold and windy outside

Tuesday, June 9, 2015

All coal is not diamond


"He never chooses an opinion; he just wears whatever happens to be in style."
-          Leo Tolstoy (Russian, 1828-1910)
Word for the day
Aggrandize (v)
To widen in scope; increase in size or intensity; enlarge; extend.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
As things stand today morning, it's between Lalu and Modi in Bihar.
Supporting cast includes Nitish and Paswan.
Rahul plays a cameo.

All coal is not diamond

I can understand the political viewpoint in running Air India, BSNL/MTNL, BHEL, Coal India and scores of mid and small sized PSU banks. What I fail to see is the rationale behind an investor buying the stocks of these companies.
There is enough empirical evidence to show that the private competition has eroded market share and profitability of public enterprises. HMT, MTNL, Air India, SAIL, BHEL etc are good examples to show.
Recently, private sector banks have been gaining market share at the expense of PSBs. Most of these banks have also reported better profitability and asset quality.
Private sectors banks have been able to raise additional capital from the market and grow. They are also free to rationalize their costs, including workers' compensation, as per market conditions. Whereas PSBs have to depend on the government's fiscal condition to receive additional capital.
In a drought year when the banks may face rise in delinquencies and additional demand for farm sector credit, tighter fiscal condition may not afford them the much needed additional capital. Strong workers' union and political considerations also constrict them from workforce rationalization.
So while in the improving credit cycle, these institutions could provide a decent trading opportunity, these do not qualify to be investment worthy institutions for private investors under any circumstance.
NTPC enjoys the distinction of being the only company in the world all whose major customers are bankrupt. Despite whatever reforms in past two decades, the health of state electricity boards and distribution companies remains hopelessly poor. How could possibly, NTPC hope to grow and become a world class utility under these circumstances.
Coal India has admitted to being overstaffed and cost inefficient. At a recent analyst meet, the management has expressed its intention to reduce the workforce by 12000-13000 people every year, depending on how much and how fast technological upgradation is implemented.
Reportedly, the coal ministry has released a draft document which proposes that CIL should sell coal to the non-regulated sector at a price determined through auctions every five years. The draft document also proposes that the floor price for coal will be the notified prices of coal - the prices at which CIL sells coal to the non-regulated sector.
Considering that in past many attempts of the company to rationalize workforce have been thwarted by the workers' union, it would be interesting to see how this plan is implemented in next few years
The costs of the company are expected to rise by 60% over five years. If the prices for a part of its produce remains fixed, the margins will obviously take a hit. Moreover, given the expectations of a prolonged slowdown in global demand for coal and rock bottom freight rates, the competition from global supplies will be intense. The competition may further exacerbate if material improvement is seen in port facilities and inland rail connectivity.
Privatization of coal mining is inevitable. How the government prevents Coal India from becoming another MTNL, would need to be seen. In the meanwhile I am ignoring all "Buy" recommendation on Coal India.

Monday, June 8, 2015

Demographic dividend or EMI


-          Leo Tolstoy (Russian, 1828-1910)
Word for the day
Gainsay (v)
To deny, dispute, or contradict.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Will the government stop at Maggi?
Or should it?

Demographic dividend or EMI

Millions of reams have been used to write and publish about the demographic characteristics of India. Many stories, themes and strategies have been built around the young demographic profile of 1.25bn Indians.
Almost all these stories and strategies recognize the young Indian as a great opportunity - "Demographic dividend" for the Indian economy. Of course few of them have words of caution also. Failure to channelize this vast reservoir of energy into productive streams may not only dissipate the demographic dividend but also prove to be counterproductive in terms of widespread civil unrest and violent disruptions.
I have however not come across any presentation that classifies this demographic profile as the solemn accountability and responsibility of India to the world.
The global community has always valued the resource rich nations and expected them to behave in a responsible manner to preserve the global order.
The capital rich western world has been expected to help the poor and starved of the world. The world looked forward to them to fund technological advancement, preservation of cultural heritage, assisting global growth and development. Even after taking full cognizance of the allegations of imperialism and suppression, I believe that financially rich communities have worked for the betterment of human life by funding technological innovation, life science research & development, productivity enhancement, and development assistance to the economically lagging world.
Similarly, nations rich in natural resources like minerals etc. have been expected to prospect and exploit these resources in optimum manner to assist the sustenance and growth of the global economy.
My point is that now since India possesses the largest pool of prospective workers for the world, should it not be responsibility of Indian government to prospect, grow, and develop this resource for the larger benefit of the global community.
This is even more pertinent in the context of the current global financial crisis. In places like Europe and Japan the root cause of the crisis could be traced to the aging demographic profile. China is also like to join the club in a decade or so. Under the circumstances it is the responsibility of India to provide educated, skilled and trained workforce to the global economy.
A number of research papers and surveys have shown that (a) Child and mother nutrition level in India is sub-standard consequently child mortality rates are poor; (b) higher and professional education standards are extremely poor consequently a large number of Indian graduates are unemployable even in routine jobs; (c) There is acute shortage of competent scientists to scale up research and development (R&T) activities to make Indian businesses competitive at global stage.
"Skill India" and "Make in India" are noble ideas for human resource development. But we need to make sure that these do not end up prospecting and developing only blue collar low skilled workers. In that case India will not only fail in its responsibility to global community but also slither back into the lower orbit of economic development like in 1950-80.
Bears still hibernating
Since Sensex recorded its all time high closing level of 29593 on 3rd March 2015, it has corrected little under 10%. However, Midcap and Small cap indices are down about 5% during this period.
Midcap and smallcap indices has peaked almost one month later on 13 April 2015. Even if we count from their respective tops, these indices have still outperformed the benchmark.
This suggests we may not have yet entered a bear market as greed continues to top the fear of investors.
In the bear phase, historically we have witnessed material outperformance of benchmark over broader indices.
Extreme caution in mid and small cap stocks especially those having higher momentum and beta is in order. In coming weeks, this segment of the market may witness virtual crash and illiquidity.

 
 

Friday, June 5, 2015

In search of opportunities


"It is only by not paying one's bills that one can hope to live in the memory of the commercial classes."
-          Oscar Wilde (Irish, 1854-1900)
Word for the day
Middling (adj)
Mediocre; ordinary; commonplace; pedestrian.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Corruption of mind, ideas and preferences is equally detrimental to the progress of a society as the corruption in money and material matters.
First random thought this morning
Till Tuesday morning the financial experts were almost unanimous on the likely rate cut by RBI. Governor Rajan did not surprise the markets.
However, a couple of days after the policy announcement the street is vertically divided on the future course of action. Forecasts now vary from 75bps cut to no cut.
The governor has certainly brought back the element of surprise in the policy making. This un-does whatever Governor Rajan has sought to do since he took over the mantle at RBI.

In search of opportunities


OECD recently cut its global growth forecast for 2015 from 3.7% to 3.1%. To put this in perspective, the global economy grew at 3.9% CAGR in the decade through 2011. In 2014 global economy grew 3.3%.

OECD said that unlike past instances where the economic recoveries were aided by investment in manufacturing capacities and technology, this time it is not happening. Besides, lack of demand is holding back employment, wages and consumption.

US and China have been two big engines of global growth in past decades. Both these engines running out of steam. The OECD sees the U.S. economy expanding 2% this year, down from 2.4% in 2014. China is expected to grow 6.8% this year, down from 7.4%.

At first this trend might look ominous for Indian economy and markets. But a second look exposes underlying opportunities. For example, consider the following:

(a)        The immediate fear of financial investors worldwide is the reversal of rate cycle in US. Slower growth and persistent deflationary pressures may delay the eventual "lift", providing a much needed window of relief to Indian economy. This may be particularly critical if the monsoon indeed turns out be bad and financial stress in the economy rises.

(b)        Lack of investment demand in developed countries and China may augment availability of capital for starved Indian projects.

(c)        Persistent deflationary pressures may keep commodity prices lower, to the benefit of importing economies like India.

(d)        Lack of demand may render a lot of global manufacturing capacities and capital equipment redundant. Given the rock bottom freight rates, Indian miners, construction contractors, and manufacturers may sources these capacities and equipment at much cheaper rates.

            This may be a threat to the "Make in India" plan and domestic capital equipment manufacturing industry, but still a big opportunity for the overall economy.

(e)        Slower growth resulting in lower income, lower subsidies and higher fiscal deficit may strengthen the demand for cheaper services, medicine, clothes, vacations etc. Thus benefitting economies like India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka etc. Though some engineering exports may suffer.

            Though some slowdown in demand is naturally expected, I would not be unduly worried about severe impact on Indian IT and pharma companies.

In view of this, I am more confident about my underweight on commodities and cyclical capital goods manufacturers. I would be inclined to look at large contractors who are in a position to compete with global construction companies, import/lease equipment's and capacities from overseas markets and sustain their hare in incremental business.

I am evaluating whether any change is needed in overweight consumers in light of likely deficient monsoon and Nestle controversy.

Thursday, June 4, 2015

Believe what you know

"There is a luxury in self-reproach. When we blame ourselves we feel no one else has a right to blame us."
-          Oscar Wilde (Irish, 1854-1900)
Word for the day
Oxter (n)
The armpit
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
What is the ratio of people who have lost money in Unitech shares vs. the people who have made money in Unitech shares in past 20yrs?
If it is more than 100:1, does regulator need to take any step?
First random thought this morning
The prospects of third consecutive crop damage this kharif season (after poor monsoon last year and Rabi crop damage by hailstorms and excessive winter rains) does not augur well for the economy in general.
The challenge before the government is that the PSU banks' balance sheets are already crippled by massive corporate delinquencies. Exploiting these undercapitalized and stressed lenders for farm sector may not be feasible.
It would be interesting to watch how it reflects on political establishment!
Believe what you know
In one of his famous speeches PM Modi had said, "I am a poor person and I bother about small things". I really loved this. I believe this is the attitude needed to take India forward.
Given the six decades legacy of adhocism and Jugaad the task could be completed with least disruption only if we aim to build brick by brick.
The programs and idea for socio-economic growth and job creation proposed by the incumbent government are commendable. However, most of these ideas are massive and intimidating. They have substantial prerequisites and require commitment of large amount of resources for execution.
For example, development of smart cities would need large tracts of land, digital connectivity, trained and skilled administrative machinery, besides material capital investment. Similarly, highway projects, industrial corridors, waterways etc. all need huge capital, technology and other resources which may not be available within the country at present.
Even the pet project of PM Modi - Clean India - would need a revolutionary change in mindset of the people to be successful. This is beside significant capital layout and resource allocation. Building public toilets without adequate water supply and disposal mechanism may only lead to dissipation of resources.
In my view, the right way forward is to take baby steps rather than intimidating the audience with grandeur of the vision and planning outlay.
Mission of a young monk Jagdishanand in Uttrakhand hills could be a role model for the government in this respect.
This monk started his own Child Hygiene project in 2014 with capital of Rs3000. He bought 100 nail clippers and placed them in 20 primary schools across 20 villages in Pauri district.
One nail clipper is tied with the class room window through a small metal chain. The monk visits each school every fortnight and motivates children to clip their nails. He also teaches them how to properly wash hands.
He has received 300 more nail clippers and two more volunteers recently. He plans to cover 100 schools with them.
Through his mission he is not only creating awareness about hygiene amongst children but also revolutionizing the mindset of a whole generation. With Rs3000 he has already ensured hygienic living of at least 300 future families.
I am sure there are thousands of such missionaries who are working silently and selflessly for the Country and her people. PM Modi having been a full-time volunteer of RSS, knows it much better than most of us.
The point is whether he "believes" in what he "knows"!
If he does, India is in secure hands and we need not worry about the bumps on the way. Even if he is suspicious about his own knowledge of the problems and plausible solutions, there is one Jagdishanand in each street of the country to take care.

Tuesday, June 2, 2015

To cut or not to cut is not the question

Thought for the day
"The only thing to do with good advice is to pass it on. It is never of any use to oneself."
-          Oscar Wilde (Irish, 1854-1900)
Word for the day
Agog (adj)
Highly excited by eagerness, curiosity, anticipation, etc.
(Source: Dictionary.com)
Malice towards none
Reports suggest that the government is considering Exit Exam for MBBS doctors.
What problem does this exam seek to solve?
Can't Munna Bhai pass this exam also by proxy?
Do we have Munna Bhais only in Medical profession?
 

To cut or not to cut is not the question

 
The GDP date for 4QFY15 has further queered the pitch for Gov. Rajan.
The government authorities are claiming that the data shows that the economic recovery is taking off and rate cut at this point in time will provide the necessary escape velocity. The finance minister himself has publically coaxed Gov. Rajan to cut rates to help the struggling industry and infrastructure developers.
The independent economists however are discounting the recent GDP data as accounting miracle that is not fully corroborated by the evidence available from other sources like corporate financial results, consumption data, industrial production numbers, credit data and other lead indicators. The general view is that economy is still taxing slowly towards the runway and take off is at least couple of quarters away.
The analysts community is mostly expecting a 25bps cut followed by a long pause. Flipping through various reports, I could find little reasoning behind this expectation. Most of it is "just like that".
In my view, the rate decision of Gov Rajan this morning will be driven more by "INR" than "Industry".
Given the elevated level of stress on corporate balance sheets, as evident from the FY15 annual accounts, low demand environment, and poor credit growth despite comfortable liquidity conditions threeo things are more than clear - (a) few bankers want to take risk of giving fresh money to a stressed corporate or even a new project; (b) few corporate balance sheet will justify further lending even if rate fall by 50bps; and (c) some aggressive bankers may be chasing households with high priced relatively small ticket consumer loans, compromising prudent norms and laying foundation for a credit bubble 4-5yrs down the lane.
Under these circumstances a 25bps repo cut would be mostly redundant.
Gov. Rajan would not like to make a bigger cut, as it would risk further strengthening of already strong INR; force more liquidity infusion for buying USD; and thereby weakening the fight against price rise.
From market perspective I will not be too enthusiastic about a rate cut this morning. A sharp rise in financials may provide some short selling opportunities.
A cursory scrutiny of the FY15 annual accounts of profit making private sector undertakings shows a distinct trend of tax refunds and interest on tax refunds. State Bank of India alone reported Rs10bn interest income on IT refunds.
The official claims of no Tax Terrorism need to be closely examined by analysts in light of this trend. An informal interaction with many large tax payers and PSU managers suggests that the practice of forcing tax payers to pay higher advance tax to achieve tax collection targets is still prevalent. This "terrorist" way of deficit financing belies the government claims of "peace" with tax payers. Given that the rate of interest payable on IT refunds is higher than the present 365d treasury bill yields, it also does not make much financial sense.